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This is the tenth lecture in a series of lectures, intended for first-year college and university students, loosely around the topic of "How to Do Well in College". But the information in this video may be more widely useful. There are two methods that allow people to efficiently memorize things: mnemonic cues and spaced repetition. In this video I explain how to use each of these.
Views : 1,181,918
Genre: Education
Date of upload: Sep 9, 2021 ^^
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RYD date created : 2022-01-25T02:12:45.750145Z
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YouTube Comments - 637 Comments
Top Comments of this video!! :3
Key Takeaways:
1. Mnemonic Cues - make a story that ties in with memorization. Intuition is like an effective program and our cognition is our means of writing the program. By putting in the work to make a relationship/correlation, you foster memorization.
2. Spaced Repetition and Active Recall - Although active recall was not mentioned in this video, there's a plethora of research proving active recall combined with spaced repetition is one of the best ways to learn. Spaced repetition increase the intervals of time between learning attempts and we learn things more efficiently. Active recall can be combined with looking through your flashcards by attempting to answer the question first (audibly or in your head) before flipping the card. Online software like Anki is used to help with this process by giving you flashcards based on how difficult/easy the card was and when the last "learning attempt" occurred. I open Anki every morning and make flashcards every night.
[ Note: It's okay to use flashcards made online from similar topics you are studying, however there is a great benefit to taking time to make your own cards. 1) It allows you more time to process and think through the material you're trying to memorize/study 2) You choose directly what you want to put in your deck of cards (as opposed to finding a card in a deck that's not important or the deck is missing important study material) ]
I have been taking notes throughout the whole playlist and look forward to trying to integrate this into my educational life. I wish I had seen this when I first began college - I'm currently facing my first B, which has made me re-think my studying strategies, because being "naturally" smart does not work in college.
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I've always heard of people memorizing things by using their imagination or imagery, but when you incorporated it with the flashcards it genuinely blew my mind. I never thought of combining the two. It's going to be a real change to my studying, thanks.
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Two more things Iād add:
1. Put multiple related questions on one card
2. Never look at the answer of the card until youāre sure you can not answer the question
We understand information relative to what we already know (schemas) and we chunk stuff together.
So what Iāll do is make notecards with multiple questions all relating to the same topic.
If Iām in an intro to ethics, instead of making three cards on (1) the definition of utilitarianism, (2) the āfoundersā of utilitariansim, and (3) objections to it, Iāll just make one card with three questions.
Then, the next card will move onto Kantās deontological ethics.
This has all the advantages of before + the ability to group information relative to what you already know and what you are learningāinstead of learning it in isolation.
One last thingāit saves 3x-4x notecards
And about the second point, we learn much much much better through active recall (jogging your memory) than simply seeing the answers. We remember things by forcing our brains (or our mindsā¦š§) to recall the information.
Itās like going to a gym. You want to gain muscle, lift heavy. You want to remember, try to remember things without looking at the answer.
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I just found out about this guy and I can honestly say, there is a level of stress that has gone down just listening to him break down the methods to memorize. I always thought I had an issue, I always thought I wasn't smart enough and despite doing other things to help change that internal narrative, Jeff's information and ease of explanation are such welcomed assets in my attempt to learn Spanish and other relevant knowledge. Cheers!
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I learn SOOO much from this series! The pop quizzes are brilliant and I wish I had you as a prof way back when. Your students are very fortunate! Thank you!
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This is a fabulous way to learn. My daughter struggles with remembering what she studied and uses index cards all the time. But still struggles due to her learning disability. This is soooo awesome! I'm gonna share this with her. Thank you for sharing your wisdom on how to remember things. This is super cool!
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For years, I tried off and on to learn Morse Code, but I'd get to around "F" and give up because I couldn't keep the dots and dashes straight. But someone recommended that I should associate each letter with a word that has the same cadence, and doing that, I had all the letters memorized in no time. For example, Morse Code for "A" is dot-dash, which has the same rhythm as "ahoy". So the letter equivalences I came up with are: ahoy, Bob Balaban, Casablanca, dog catcher, eat, Fibonacci, green bean soup, hootenanny, icky, Jafar has lice, kill the lights, Lothario, Morse Code, noisy, Omaha, protect my butt, quick find a towel, revolver, Sierra, tea, uniform, vitamin D, Wakanda, X marks the spot, you're a big jerk, Zagnut City.
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Your didactics are very useful ; Thanks a lot ! Still works when you reach the age of 70+ ! And it saves you a lot of times from getting angry ācause you think you āforgotā what you were looking for ! Just keep on being disciplined and donāt let it go thru !
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I did this [mnemonic cues] to memorize the top 200 medications prescribed in 2013 for pharmacy tech school.
I still remember some of the brand/generic combos because of the stories.
I used spaced repetition for a lot of math through school.
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This is such a wonderful concept. I didn't know this thing had a name. This is how I have learnt to memorize all my life, right to Postgraduate. It is so nice, seeing this video. My method of memorizing wasn't a secret at all. It's a concept. Wow. Great job !
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Loving your purpose and service to others Jeff!
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I am a lifelong learner. You are without a doubt the most astute teacher I have ever been exposed to especially how to take notes and how to remember what you read. Thank you SO much!
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I used Mnenomic without realising it when I was learning origin and insertion of muscles in Anatomy, that is pretty cool š Thankyou š»
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I like using telephone numbers to remember dates. For example, the American Civil War was fought from 1861 to 1865. The student uses their own phone number and changes the last 4 numbers to the date they need: XXX-XXX-1861 and XXX-XXX-1865. Iāve seen this work, and Iāll say these methods youāve outlined should begin much earlier than college. Iām an educator and I very much appreciate your videosā¦ Cheers!
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This is the way Iāve been learning my entire life so I 100% agree with you. If I donāt have stories/ associations I can guarantee you I wonāt remember. This is the same as remembering peoples name. I always have to relate it to something.
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How amazing is it that I watched this video learning the Korean word then I watched this video the following days and I was able to recognise Korean umbrella immidiatelly
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This is honestly just how my brain works, I make stories for things and I don't even have to think about it. But using it for studying? I have never thought of that- it's absolutely brilliant! And by the way, I got both of the Korean words correct
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A strange thing happened after I fell from a ladder head first onto a concrete patio . That night I happened to see an article about the constant pi. It had listed the first 100 digits. I moved on but later on I found myself recalling the first 50 digits. I went back to that article to check if my recall was accurate. I found I was able to recall the 100 digits in a few minutes.
This went on for a few days and I built my memory of pi to 1000 digits with no effort. However, this gift from a knock on the head began to fade and fade quickly. In just a few days my recall had faded to the first 12 digits. My recall ability is now back to where it was before the fall. It was fun while it lasted!
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00:00
Science has discovered two ways to memorize things: mnemonic cues and spaced repetition. Helpful cues are associations like stories that cause you to recall other information.
Mnemonics
00:42
She asked a group of her friends to come in and participate in a study, and we had to learn Korean words and their English definitions. At the end of the study, we took a quiz to see how much we could retain.
Korean Mnemonics
01:44
When I was shown a word in Korean, I noticed that part of the word looked like a roof or an umbrella. I imagined a little stick going here and it opening and closing like an umbrella, and then the five seconds were over, and that symbol disappeared.
02:44
To make it easier to remember two things, you can add a third thing: a story. The human mind remembers things based on levels and points of connection, so you can do this for all sorts of things.
03:42
When I learn the names of 50 students in a lecture classroom, I look at the student, ask them their names, and make up little stories with little associations with those things. I don't tell them all this out loud, but I focus on that weird thing about the student.
04:41
To memorize things, you have to repeat them within a shorter space than you repeat the ones you already know. The old-fashioned way to do this is with index cards.
Spacing Repetition
05:11
Using this flashcard would be best if you learned some words, labels, or facts.
05:27
You test yourself by looking at one side of the card and seeing if you know what will be on the back. If you do, you put it at the back of the pile.
05:59
You can do it, as a matter of degree. If you don't know a concept, could you put it in the middle; if you have no clue, put it close to the front?
06:26
Lightner Method is straightforward and refreshes the cards in whatever order the software thinks is the best order.
Other Methods
06:50
The simplest, best way to memorize things is to use index cards. Spaced repetition is an efficient way to get a whole bunch of stuff in front of you and to get it to stick in your memory.
07:28
These methods work well and have been used throughout my academic career. It's amazing how infrequently people use them when they want to memorize things.
07:51
You can find the Korean word for umbrella right here, but which symbol means mango?
Pop Quiz
08:27
One of these symbols is the Korean word for mango, and when you were looking for the word umbrella, you looked for this thingy, told yourself this little story, and knew that this was the answer.
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@BeSmarterFaster
1 year ago
As someone who, for decades, has performed memory feats in front of large audiences, I agree with you professor Kaplan. A word I like much better than "association" is the word "Connection". The mind is a connecting machine. We connect new information to that which we already know. I also really liked the fact that you talked about using index cards as flash cards. I teach the same thing. Another reason that it's such a powerful memory aid is that the act of handwriting notes forces a person to use more of their 5 senses, thus strengthening the neural pathways (synapse) inside the brain. Thank you for your clear message.
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