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2,839,854 Views ⢠Jul 5, 2023 ⢠Click to toggle off description
Correction: The Carlsbad plant produces 50 MGD, which is roughly 190,000 cubic meters per day (not 23,000 as stated).
It might surprise you to learn that there are more than 18,000 desalination plants operating across the globe. But, those plants provide less than a percent of global water needs even though they consume a quarter of all the energy used by the water industry. The oceans are a nearly unlimited resource of water with this seemingly trivial caveat, which is that the water is just a little bit salty. Itâs totally understandable to wonder why that little bit of salt is such an enormous obstacle.
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YouTube Comments - 5,202 Comments
Top Comments of this video!! :3
I've drank literally thousands of gallons of desalinated water over 20 years while I was in the US Navy. First ship used 7 stage evaporators and the last two used reverse osmosis. You couldn't tell the difference between them since it was pure water that came out of them and the engineers added minerals back into them to make them drinkable.
10K |
I'm a Navy veteran and I served on a Nuclear Aircraft Carrier. We had a desalination system built into the Reactor system using the excess heat from the steam powerd turbines. It was actually very efficient.
1.6K |
As a water treatment specialist it feels good to be seen. The RO segment was dead on. TDS and scaling are constant challenges.
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I grow salicornia (sea asperagas) at home and it does surprisingly well turning salt water into usable water and a snack thats pretty dang salty and not bad tasting in my opinion. Not sure if its great for every purpose but here in florida it works pretty well.
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Here in Uruguay we are facing a drought right now, and the government decided to mix treated salt water in the normal fresh water supply, so now we are getting water on our taps with a salt concentration about 10x of what it used to be. This video turned out to be very well timed for us.
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It is SO extremely important how you put things in perspective in these videos. âIt took X kilowatt-hours to do this process.â You could end there and compare numbers at the end, but then people wouldnât understand what that actually means. Itâs great.
619 |
Love this channel. As a trained EE I wish my education had this kind of practical experiments and thought-experiments.
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Thanks for covering the renewable energy part, I've been grumbling about using that for years. Now I have a clue of the continuing drawbacks.
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Lived in Saudi Arabia for a while and dad worked at the desalination plant there. Interesting bit was steam generated by the boilers were split into two pressure points. High pressure steam was used to turn the turbines to produce electricity while low pressure steam was used to make fresh water. Interesting when I heard about it the first time.
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I think one reason people may have a hard time wrapping their head around how difficult it is to get the salt out of the water is that they canât see what it does - itâs not just swirling around in there, itâs dissolved - itâs harder than getting the cream back out of your coffee
754 |
Really good explanation of it all! Iâm an operator at a large ultrafiltration membrane plant not far from the Carlsbad plant. Membrane technology is definitely our future and we are going to see more sea water RO plants popping up as our population grows in the U.S.
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Really great explanations and comparisons. Thank you for taking the effort to set up the bench top examples. I believe that desalination won't come into popular view until it is the only choice left for larger regions of the world outside of the middle east. As mentioned, water is plentiful but the amount of energy it takes to transport it and prepare it is key.
108 |
Here in Tampa they tried to build a RO desal plant near the Apollo Beach Power Plant. The biggest issue was not any of what you outlined here. The problem was zebra mussels. They are a non native invasive species that would collect on the intake pipes for the desal plant and they were spending 100's of thousands of dollars each month just to keep the pipes clean, and that is what killed the project in the long run.
536 |
Spoken like a true engineer... "The instructions didn't say to not run salt water through the pump"
625 |
Salt flats were once massive brine pools. RO and pumping the brine onto large desert lake beds adds to the evap cycle. Salt deposits can be broken up and stored away.
Also thinking about MITs recent answer to desalination which uses ion concentration polarization omitting the need for pumps or filters and can run off a $50 solar panel, it's less than 22 lbs, simple to operate and about the size of a small suitcase.
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You are a gifted presenter. I engineer stuff all day but get almost giddy sometimes when you release a new story.
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On our 470' research vessel housed 130 people, we had two distillers plus a reverse osmosis. The distillery was pretty brilliant as we pulled a vacuum on the container and we used heat from our diesel electric engines. When the vacuum was applied the water would vaporize at 165°F rather than 212° F pretty clever. The units on our ship produced 1200 gallons per day. Some of that water was additional purified by R.O. So the waste heat from the engines was not an additional cost only the energy used by the pumps was energy negligible.
171 |
I worked in a power plamt that used a multistage RO to clean up produced water from an oilfield. The oil was separated, and the water was run through softeners, but it was still in the part per thousand range. We ran the RO at 75% permeate and 25% reject in the winter. We had to run it at only 70% permeate in the summer due to the water being much hotter. Input temperature and pressure have a high effect on the process. We got <1 ppm hardness, and around 16 ppm total dissolved solids. This was necessary because the next step was deionization, yeilding 17.8 mmho water. Theoretically pure water (which doesnât exist) is 18 mmho. Water that clean will actually make you sick with extended use. It basically reverses the osmosis in your intestines, pulling nutrients out of your blood instead of vise versa.
As far as seawater desalination, I took a contract in Saudi Arabia in the mid eighties. Theentire eastern half of the country was supplied freshwater by a huge RO plant just south of Al Jubail on the Persian Gulf coast.
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I work in water treatment in my county as an operator. We adopted membrane filters in the mid 2000's and there are very few treatment plants (at least in Canada) with this newer technology. Our membranes are made by PALL. It's such a new technology that the lifespan of the membranes is still unknown (outside of salt water). We have ordered a complete new set of membranes that will be replacing the old ones next year but this is only cautionary and not reactive. Our tmp's (trans membrane pressures) have held up with only minor, routine maintenance. Our effluent remains well within the 0.1 micron spec and our turbidity exceeds our provincial standard by multitudes.
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