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Serotonin Syndrome | Causes (Medications), Pathophysiology, Signs & Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment
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484,970 Views • Nov 9, 2021 • Click to toggle off description
Serotonin Syndrome | Causes (Medications), Pathophysiology, Signs & Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Serotonin Syndrome (also known as Serotonin toxicity) is a potentially life-threatening condition involving overactivation of the serotonergic system. Serotonin Syndrome can be caused by consuming too much of a serotonergic antidepressant (ex. SSRIs like fluoxetine, escitalopram, paroxetine) or using a serotonergic antidepressant in combination with another serotonergic activating supplement or medication, including St. John’s Wort or antibiotics like ciprofloxacin. Excess serotonin can lead to affects on the gastrointestinal system, alter thermoregulation and affect cognitive functioning. In this lesson, we discuss the signs and symptoms of serotonin syndrome, along with how it is diagnosed and how it is treated.

I hope you find this lesson helpful. If you do, please like and subscribe for more lessons like this one!

JJ

REFERENCES:
StatPearls - Serotonin Syndrome
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482377/

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Top Comments of this video!! :3

@nancyhobson4838

2 years ago

My son displayed symptoms consistent with serotonin toxicity for many months prior to his death at age 43 at the end of June 2021. As a young man he started using illegal drugs, which so altered his brain chemistry that he became severely depressed and suffered bouts of extreme anxiety/panic. He was prescribed medication for these conditions by his family doctor and began a monitored methadone program. He mismanaged his prescribed medications and continued to augment these with drugs he purchased on the street. It was not until our son moved in with us that we realized just how sick he was and we tried with little success to get help for him. Noone seemed to understand what was wrong with him and because he was an adult there were limits to what we could do on his behalf. During one of his episodes, which I now realize was psychosis, he became very agitated, physically and verbally abusive and we had to call the police to have him removed from our home. We were relieved when he was finally diagnosed with serotonin toxicity and admitted to the local mental health facility for treatment. He was treated for one week, his medications were changed and he was discharged. Exactly one week later he died of a fentanyl overdose. To say we were heartbroken is a gross understatement.

203 |

@wowamber5107

2 years ago

Man, it seems like a lot of us went through this due to medical negligence! That's so disgusting and disappointing, my psychiatrist had me take meds I couldn't take together 3 separate times, the last time I was feeling so bad I had to beg him to check if I was taking something wrong again because I lost the ability to write and draw from the spasms in my arms and felt like I was always on edge to the point of a anxiety attack. I also felt loopy and out of it. He refused to admit a mistake and told me to keep taking them. I stopped taking them cause I couldn't take it anymore, in about 3 days I was better and never returned to that doctor ever again. Edit: I also couldn't eat because my stomach felt like it was constantly on fire! I forgot about this detail because I spent a lot of the past months with gastrointestinal problems, but I'd only throw up when I had these rough patches.

123 |

@JamieCamile495

2 years ago

The worst time in my life was 2018. Stress had taken a powerful grip on my body. After a deep study I had diagnosed myself with Adrenal Fatigue. Before the research I was in bed for two months. I was nauseous and couldn’t eat. I lost 15 lbs in two weeks. Couldn’t sleep…it was like a motor running in my body and it wouldn’t shut off. I was sensitive to light and sound. I couldn’t watch any TV or listen to anything but the most calming music, like funeral home music. I had an unquenchable thirst. And was crying uncontrollably. I couldn’t stop crying. I was having panic attacks and was afraid to leave the walls of my home for fear of having one while in public. It was so bad I had to call a friend to take me to the doctor. * Note-I had been on antidepressants for 15 years and changed my diet and lifestyle habits and weened myself off of them and had been off of them about 5 years. After seeming the doctor we decided I probably needed to go back on them. 1st Rx Prozac-the one I was on for 10 years with no problems. One pill and my body went into a zombie like state. All I could do is sit in a scrunched up position while the symptoms lasted. 2 pill- Lexepro- 2 hours later I started cramping in my stomach. Went to the bathroom and my entire bowel flushed out. Sweating, heart fluttering like I was having a heart attack, my hands felt like I was being electrocuted and I was shaking uncontrollably. Made it through that but was in bed for two days just to recover from the shock. 3rd pill- Effexor. I had been on this before with no symptoms. This time BP was going through the roof and tingling and couldn’t do anything but sit still. It felt like I was in someone else’s body. I was paralyzed. 4th pill- Wellbutrin. Also had been on this one before with no side effects. After taking this one my body felt like it was on fire. My whole torso was burning all the way through to my groin. Each time I would ride the symptoms out at home. I never went to the ER. Each time I would have a reaction I would call my doctor and tell him I had a bad reaction on “that pill” and could he give me another. Hence 4 different Rx. After doing my research and posing the question to the search engine “Why can’t I take antidepressants?” I found SEROTONIN SYNDROME. I copied the the info and when I went back to see him. I told his nurse the research I had found. She told him. When he came in the room he slammed a piece of paper down on the counter and said “This is Serotonin Syndrome and YOU DON’T HAVE IT! Every time I give you something you come up with some kind of idea on why you can’t take it!” He was very harsh with me! I told him “no I don’t have it now because I rode out all the symptoms at home.” Needless to say I’ll never go back to that doctor again. The trouble with doctors is they won’t listen to their PATIENTS/CUSTOMERS! They get complacent with THEIR practice and don’t really know or study anything anymore. They listen to the Pharmaceutical Industry before studying the natural functions of the body. Medical schools are misinforming their student. They are legalized drug pushers! I learned through my research that Vitamin D was what I was lacking. And with time and more research vitamins and minerals is what our bodies need to function properly. I have regained my life back and no longer suffer with these horrible symptoms and I’m not on any antidepressants.

83 |

@TentinQuarantino_

2 years ago

I had a moderate to severe episode of serotonin syndrome at age 25 due to taking Prozac at the same time as another medication. It was progressively debilitating and nightmarish, until I was literally paralyzed in my bed and unable to even get up to take my medicines. It took almost five years to get rid of all my symptoms and 20 years later I still have occasional nightmares that it is still going on. And incredibly, several physicians since then have tried to put me on antidepressants and shrugged off my protests about my history with serotonin syndrome. It’s disgusting.

63 |

@abellexoxo3638

2 years ago

I recently was diagnosed with Serotonin Syndrome; I am pregnant and was experiencing 'Hyperemesis Gravidarum', thus, I was put on multiple anti nausea medications (of which boost serotonin). I was on LEXAPRO long-term (antidepressant), alongside VRAYLAR (atypical antipsychotic - long-term) and experienced severe symptoms of Serotonin Syndrome. More information needs to be publicly, and medically, available because this is not a well known condition - half, if not 80% of, the doctors and pharmacists that I've been in contact with weren't even aware of this condition! I had multiple doctors prescribing me serotonin boosting medications without even taking a look at what other serotonin boosting medications I was on; it's appalling to see such a lack of cohesive, educated care towards patients!

92 |

@tlynn7043

2 years ago

I was having a lot of anxiety and my GP gave me Serzone 100 mg. She said take it twice a day. I took 1 that evening and another the next morning. 20 min later , Driving to work, I started feeling agitated and super anxious. By the time I got to work it was even worse and sounds and lights seemed extra intense and overly stimulating. Then diarrhea. I told my boss who was a dentist. He took my BP and it was super high. I had to drive home and this feeling did not go away. I laid in bed at night and shook all over. I called my doctor and she said I was having a panic attack. FOR DAYS???? She prescribed Xanax which did nothing. After a week of this I really thought I was going to have to kill myself bc I couldn’t function, take care of my baby, work… Someone gave me the name of a psychiatrist and this man saved my life. He said wrong drug. It took 3 months to feel myself again. It was the scariest darkest time of my life. I did not have all these symptoms but I had a little of all the categories so I’m guessing this is what it was.

156 |

@Miss.kittty

2 years ago

I was diagnosed with serotonin syndrome in 2005. My mum had passed away and I wasn't doing very well , my doctor put me on antidepressants. I didn't feel right on them I was sweating and anxious. I went back to see him a few days later and he told me not to worry that it would take time for my body to accept it. For three weeks it was terrible, nighttime would give me anxiety and during the day I would be nauseous and vomiting. I had palpitations and was extremely anxious. In the end my husband took me to the emergency room, they said it was so serotonin syndrome and I needed to stop taking the medication. Not one word for my GP when I went back to see him , he knew I had been in hospital with it.

69 |

@coreenbrubaker4411

2 years ago

I had this about 5 years ago. I was hallucinating with tremors. I was also extremely hot and running a fever. It was the absolute worse situation I ever had. I had trouble with my memory and became extremely paranoid. I have been on SSRI for many years. At this time I was recently in hospital for sepsis and was on high dose antibiotics. I also have chronic migraine so was on the SSRI and an antiepileptic for prevention of migraines and using migraine abortive medication. While I was hospitalized for sepsis my kidneys shut down for a period of time so I had a toxic level of the antiepileptic medication. I truly believe all these contributed to serotonin syndrome. Serotonin syndrome is absolutely the worse thing to have. I said really bad things to people and don't remember it now, but I do remember the hallucinations of centipedes and other awful bugs. I remember being restrained with leather restraints and getting shots in all four extremities for sedation. I never want to experience this again.

81 |

@astromania5253

2 years ago

Put me into a 4 week coma. I ended up having double kidney failure, collapsed lungs on full life support. I woke up disabled all my muscles had wasted away. 3 years later I’m 37 and now have epilepsy, lost my job as a roofer during lockdown lost my drivers license. I had 20% chance of survival at best I would wake up with severe brain damage. I’m now back at work but life is tough. It’s no joke. I was on citalapram and took TRAMADOL after feeling sick. Biggest mistake of my life, no one said don’t take tramadol, I was just told to take the medication. Mine started with a grand mal seizure I was sat in my chair at home luckily.

22 |

@roxannesmith4519

2 years ago

This has happened to me a few times starting new SSRIs and other meds. Doctors and psychiatrists should take this more seriously as it’s a bit of a “you’ll be fine”.

16 |

@christinesarkis4029

2 years ago

I've experienced this several times in my life (SSRIs and cough medicine are a very bad combo), but I never knew what the actual mechanisms behind it were, so this was a really interesting video.

132 |

@feiradragon7915

2 years ago

I've literally never heard of this syndrome until youtube recommended the video to me. Interesting to find medical info that's explained so understandably.

56 |

@inthelandofmorethansmall7582

2 years ago

This sounds SO similar to Opioid Abstinence Disorder (Opioid Withdrawals)!!! These conditions should be studied in FAR greater detail during Med School... It's unbelievable how ignorant most Med Students (and nearly as many practicing Physicians) they are! It's so much more intolerable than ppl think... But first we would need Physicians who actually care about their jobs and their patients...

34 |

@becky0710

2 years ago

This is so helpful!. I was put on Antidepressants over 23 years ago and within 6 hours knew something was really wrong. My eyes were uncontrollable and shortly after my body started Spasming. I was left like that for nearly 3 days (the GP thought I was doing it and told me to keep taking them!). I finally got sent to hospital and a specialist recognised the reaction. I also had this reaction from Anti sickness meds once too. No one every explained the cause to me, so I was terrified of it happening again. Years later I tried Mirtazapine and was absolutely fine on that. I’m off all meds now :). Great video!

17 |

@jillyj98

2 years ago

I've had this in the past. I recognized the symptoms from my college classes.

8 |

@michelleferrero8206

2 years ago

I had an episode of SS after a pharmacist gave me a medication that was not prescribed for me. Her pharm tech mixed up the name of the medication but the pharmacist is to double check the med before giving it to the patient. She missed it. I took the medication immediately after having it filled. I fell ill within an hour of taking the pill. I was shopping at the mall with my daughter. I broke out in an ungodly sweat. I was wearing a sweatshirt. I had to hit TARGET and buy a shirt left over from the summer. It was a very light material. My daughter and I had to leave the mall I was so sick. I got hold of my Doctor right away. She had me come in and checked me out. I was suffering from SS. She looked at the bottle and found the error. She immediately got hold of the pharmacist and told her about her error. The pharmacist tried to argue with my Doctor saying that I couldn't have had that type of a reaction so quickly after taking the wrong medication. My Doctor sent me to the local hospital for IV treatment. I got very lucky. My Doctor was so pissed at the pharmacist's attitude she turned her into the State of Michigan licensing board. The pharmacist contacted me and paid my hospital bill; however, she tried to fight me for the cost of the $12 shirt from Target.. This pissed me off. So with that I decided to take her to court for damages. The day before our court case she contacted me and settled. Her brother is an attorney and advised her that she should settle with me. I received what I asked for. Honestly, I don't think I would have gone to court if she didn't try to fight me for the cost of the shirt.

50 |

@cab5917

2 years ago

I was diagnosed with Serotonin Syndrome in 1993 after 2 inpatient mental health unit hospitalizations. The meds almost killed me.

36 |

@mapolonyi

2 years ago

So extremely helpful. Thank you

5 |

@kimberlieverschoor3814

2 years ago

Very helpful, thank you! I’m going to talk to my son’s Dr ASAP!

12 |

@amberwatson7388

2 years ago

I have had this happen. With this video it makes me wonder is my rather extreme frequent nausea is from my SSRI. I will definitely be talking with my doctor

1 |

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