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2,528,827 Views • Feb 29, 2020 • Click to toggle off description
An educational video written and presented by Prof. David Kipping.
You can now support our research and the Cool Worlds Lab at Columbia University: www.coolworldslab.com/support
Chapters
0:00 Teaser
0:53 Massive Stars
7:07 Dying Massive Stars
12:47 Dimming 2020
17:36 Explaining the Dimming
References
► Fuller, J. & Ro, S., 2018, "Pre-supernova outbursts via wave heating in massive stars - II. Hydrogen-poor stars", MNRAS 476, 1853: arxiv.org/abs/1710.04251
► Dimming plots come from @betelbot (twitter.com/betelbot) Twitter account run by Michael Hippke, which collates AAVSO data.
► Gerhz, R. et al., 2020, "Betelgeuse remains steadfast in the infrared", Astronomer's Telegram #13518: www.astronomerstelegram.org/?read=13518
► Sukhbold, T. & Adams, A., 2019, "Missing Red Supergiants and Carbon Burning", MNRAS 492, 2578: arxiv.org/abs/1905.00474
► Dolan, M. et al. 2020, "Evolutionary tracks for Betelgeuse", ApJ 819, 7: arxiv.org/abs/1406.3143
► Adams, S. et al., 2017, "The search for failed supernovae with the Large Binocular Telescope: confirmation of a disappearing star", MNRAS 468, 4968: arxiv.org/abs/1609.01283
► Levesque, E. & Massey, P., 2020, "Betelgeuse Just Isn't That Cool: Effective Temperature Alone Cannot Explain the Recent Dimming of Betelgeuse", arXiv preprint: arxiv.org/abs/2002.10463
Videos used:
► Simulation of forming protostars by Matthew Bate, The UK Astrophysics Fluid Facility, University of Leicester: www.ukaff.ac.uk/starcluster/
► Planet formation animation by Zhaohuan Zhu, Princeton: • Science Today: Simulating Solar Syste...
► Animation of a white dwarf by VideoFromSpace: • White Dwarf Star Collects Planet Debr...
► Core collapse supernova animation by Kuo-Chuan Pan: • Core-collapse supernova simulation
► Animation of the Sun becoming a giant, credit ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser & L. L. Christensen): www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1919c/
► Animation of a giant star, credit ESO/M. Kornmesser www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1840e/
► Supernova animation, credit NASA/CXC/A.Hobart: • Animation of Supernova Producing a Bl...
► Neutron star collapsing animation, credit NASA/CXC/A.Hobart: • Animation of Supernova Producing a Bl...
► Sunspsot rotating into view video by NASA/SDO: svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12292#87449
► Hot iron video by Aaron Walsh, "Iron Born - An Artist Blacksmith": • Iron Born - An Artist Blacksmith
► KDIST grabulation video courtesy of NSO/NSF/AURA: www.nso.edu/telescopes/dkist/first-light-cropped-f…
► Betelgeuse convection animations by Bernd Freytag: www.astro.uu.se/~bf/movie/dst35gm04n26/movie.html
► Betelgeuse convection animation downgrade by Brendan Drachler
(@BrendanDrachler): twitter.com/BrendanDrachler/status/122942323437172…
► Coronal mass ejection video from NASA/SDO: • Aug. 31, 2012 Coronal Mass Ejection
► "What will it look like when Betelgeuse Goes Supernova" by V101 Science: • What Will It Look Like When Betelgeus...
► ESO dome supernova animation 2 and 3: supernova.eso.org/news/videos/SE-SN-2/ and
supernova.eso.org/news/videos/SE-SN-3/
► Sun forming animation by Bob Stanford: • Creation of the Solar System Animation
Images used:
► Interferometric images by NASA/ESO/M. Montarges et al.
► HD 12545 images by K.Strassmeier, Vienna, NOAO/AURA/NSF: www.noao.edu/image_gallery/html/im0570.html
► Betelgeuse dust wave/bow shocock image courtesy of ESA/Herschel/PACS/L. Decin: www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Bete…
► Thumbnail image is an artist's impression of NGC 1068, credit to NRAO/AUI/NSF, D. Berry/Skyworks: public.nrao.edu/news/2016-smbh-exhaust/
TV/Movie clips used:
► Sunshine (2007) Fox Searchlight Pictures
► How the Universe Works (2018) Pioneer Productions
All music used is licensed by SoundStripe.com/Creative Commons:
► Cylinder Seven, Cylinder Five & Cylinder Two (chriszabriskie.com/cylinders/) by Chris Zabriskie; licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
► "Waking Up" by Atlas, licensed through SoundStripe.com: app.soundstripe.com/songs/3984
► Music from Neptune Flux, "Stories About the World That Once Was" by Chris Zabriskie (chriszabriskie.com/neptuneflux/); licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license
► "Selha" by Stephen Keech, licensed through SoundStripe.com: app.soundstripe.com/songs/7102
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#Betelgeuse #BetelgeuseExplained #CoolWorlds
Views : 2,528,827
Genre: Science & Technology
Date of upload: Feb 29, 2020 ^^
Rating : 4.874 (1,697/52,211 LTDR)
RYD date created : 2022-04-09T21:37:06.755605Z
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YouTube Comments - 4,085 Comments
Top Comments of this video!! :3
Damn... THIS is the difference between your standard YouTube scicommer and a professor who breathes this field everyday
1.6K |
Carl Sagan said it first a long time ago: "The nitrogen in our DNA, the calcium in our teeth, the iron in our blood, the carbon in our apple pies were made in the interiors of collapsing stars. We are made of starstuff."
1K |
Recently, several articles have been written about Betelgeuse dimming and the conclusion that has been reached is that a large cloud of dust moved between the star and Earth. That is why Betelgeuse’s brightness in infrared hasn’t changed. Infrared light will pass through clouds of gas and dust without being affected much.
As professor stated, iron (element 26 on the periodic table) is the end of the fusion chain in a star. No element higher on the periodic table can be made in a star. The only way heavier elements are created is in a supernova explosion. The heaviest element being uranium (element 92), which is why it is the heaviest naturally occurring element on Earth. Silver, gold, platinum were all created in a supernova. But the iron in our blood and the core of the Earth came from a stellar core (maybe supernova too). This is direct evidence that another star went supernova, blew out its guts, and those guts became the seeds for our entire solar system including creating another star, our sun. The only question that remains about that event is what happened to that progenitor star?
69 |
Outstanding. Sir, your delightful use of poetry, philosophy and passion is most welcomed. You have a voice for speaking, not just talking, you had my attention from beginning to end. Thank you.
1.2K |
And everything we see happening in Betelgeuse now has already happened 700 years ago.
476 |
I absolutely love how you explained this to us, the regular folk. You made such a complex subject that is at the tip of the tip of the tip of the iceberg — as far as what we know and understand so far — easy to understand. Thank you for the explanation, fixing my existential crisis, and sharing your amazing knowledge. You’ve earned a subscriber!
201 |
This video felt like it was an hour long, and i mean that in the BEST way possible. im not sure how you were able to pack so many details into this video while keeping it at a relaxing pace. Well done!
13 |
I love how you answered the question "Could I jump off and escape Betelgeuse", saved me a lot of searching and math that I'm not qualified to do anyway
214 |
Not only are you extremely intelligent, but your voice is so captivating and alluring. You made this such an interesting and wonderful lesson. Thanks for the great video!
181 |
i was just randomly browsing trough videos about space and landed here and your way of speaking completely captivated my attention and i sat here trough the entire video feeling that i want to stay longer and know more, the way you speak and explain things made me feel like i really learned a lot. Thank you.
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Your voice coupled with the instrumental is so calming. I opened the video with an intention to just see the opening minutes, but I ended up watching the entire video.. awesome stuff.
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"You are in essence, made of ash".
Ah so I'm a Dark Souls character after all. That's why life is so hard sometimes.
592 |
You are an amazing teacher and a great storyteller. Take my regards, professor!
748 |
The thought of a star being the size of Jupiter's orbit around our own sun is mind blowing. It's so hard to conceptualize.
132 |
Dude, this video is awesome. The pace, cadence and production quality is immaculate. I absolutely love it, amazing!
5 |
People are worried? Am I the only one who stares up at Orion and shouts BLOW UP ALREADY!?
1.2K |
I don’t know how someone this talented in his craft doesn’t get more exposure
75 |
I cannot believe nobody has put together a Wikipedia page for you Professor, I find your videos engrossing, and a challenge to my vocabulary, worry not for someone will do it well before your demise. Yes I occasionally have to pause your presentation to check a word, but then that is education, and even at 65 I am getting better at scrabble. I figure I will have a good 20 years of learning left in me, and this is what I have deduced will ward off dementia, and I find everything about space engrossing. So keep them coming and enthrall us with your excellently pleasant delivery and grammar, having been raised in the 60's when a regular trip to the library was mandatory for a good education, I cannot get enough of the internet and your chosen field of study.
11 |
I had goosebumps from the conclusion of this video. Thank you so much for your amazing work. You're my favorite astrophysics youtuber by billion light years. Much love and support.
3 |
@donotwatch4335
3 years ago
Another young star's life ruined because of greed. shame.
1K |