Montgolfier brothers, Joseph-Michel and Jacques-Étienne, invented the hot air balloon in France in 1783. They discovered that heated air was lighter than cool air, leading them to experiment with silk bags filled with smoke from burning wool and hay, leading to the first hot air balloon.

On October 19th, 1783, they launched their first manned hot air balloon flight with Étienne as the pilot and Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier as his passenger. Along with the first free (non-tethered) human flight on November 21st, 1783.

With King Louis XVI, the royal family, and a crowd of curious onlookers, a duck, sheep, and rooster were launched into the air. This historical moment marked the first time in history when a manned balloon had been lifted off the ground and flown through the air. Paving the way for people to take flight soon after.

Their invention took Europe by storm and inspired many others to experiment with similar machines. Although not initially interested in applying their design for commercial use or military applications, they earned several honors for their contributions to science, including entry into France’s prestigious Académie des Sciences in Paris

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