kiln feed schenck DLD calibration procedure
Close the manual gate of DLD feed inlet
(outlet of bin)
Start blowers
Start DLD in Volumetric mode
Perofirm tare and zero calibration in controller calibration menu
apply
zero calibration is completed
Span calibration
fill the material bin up to 70 percnet suppos 70 tonn
note down the bin weight reading and also note down the DLD totalizer reading
start DLD with material
when bin loss material up to 50 tonn
stop DLD and note down totalizer reading
now insert the correctin factor as per formula
new factor = (bin loss/DLD totalizer) x
oldfactor.
suppose
bin loss is 50 tonn
totalizer difference is 49 tonn
old factor is 0.9
then
new factor = 50/49 x 0.9
= 1.020 x 0.900
=0.9183
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instrumentation
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load cell used for bin weighing
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gas analyzer sampling flow diagram
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A video about ultrasonic flow meter will be uploaded tomorrow
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A new video about oxygen gas analyzer working principle and calibration is coming tomorrow for you
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Flow Measurement
What is a pitot tube and what is it used for
A pitot tube is used to measure pressure and it is used in pipelines to measure the fluid flow.
This device is widely used to measure the airspeed of an aircraft and it is also used for many industrial applications to measure the velocities of liquid air and gas.
The pitot tube measures the local velocity at a given point in a flowing stream and not the average velocity in the pipe.
Pitot tubes are called line inserted devices because they can be installed in, flow stream.
The pitot tube probe has two parts and it can sense the static and dynamic pressure in the fluids. Pilot tube is the cheapest way to measure the fluid flow
How does a pitot tube work
A pilot tube can be considered as a small cylinder which is placed in a way that fluid can enter so it would be opposite to the fluid flow it’s one end is open and the other end is closed because of this the fluid that enters won’t be able to flow further and it will come to a static position.
The diaphragm inside the pilot tube will separate the static fluid pressure from the total system pressure. The difference between these two measurements is the fluid flow rate. A pilot static tube is a flow velocity meter and it is capable to measure fluid velocities as a localized point. The energy conversion takes place at the stagnation point. Potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. A pressure higher than the dynamic pressure results from the kinetic to potential conversion. Static pressure is compared to the dynamic pressure-flow so that it can be measured with the help of a differential manometer.
How pitot tubes are constructed
A pitot tube is a slender tube that has two holes and it is used to calculate the velocity of the fluid that flows through the pipe. A pilot tube is a small round cylinder with one end opened like a small hole and the other end closed. A separate chamber can be seen in the pilot tube and that would be filled with fluid and it has static pressure. The chambers are separated by diaphragm, so if the pilot tube is installed in the flow stream, then it would measure the direct pressure at the contact pilot tube hole, and the second measurement is needed for the static pressure and the difference between these two measurements would be dynamic pressure. To measure the static flow the pressure sensing element must be arranged properly. The axis of the tube measuring the static pressure should be perpendicular to the boundary
How do you install a pitot tube
The pitot tube must be installed perpendicular to the duct. The head must be kept parallel facing the flow. If it is required to measure the speed of the fluid then the instrument must be placed in the opposite direction of the fluid.
What are the advantages of a pitot tube
It is easy to install
This device can be removed from a process without shutting down the process
Design and construction is simple
Produce energy saving compared to the equivalent orifice
It can be used to measure flow in large water pipes and air gas ducts
It doesn’t have any moving part
It is small in size and can be used in tight space
Advantage of pitot tube
Long life
Pressure loss is low
Low cost
What are the disadvantages of the pitot tube
Clogging could happen if there is foreign material in the liquid
It must not be used in places where accuracy is important
It won’t work properly in dirty streams
Low rangeability
Low sensitivity
It would only work properly in high-velocity flow.
What are the applications of the pitot tube
It is used in aircraft to measure the speed
It can measure the wind speed in a tunnel
It can measure the speed of air or gas when the pipe is closed
It is used in hostile environments
HVAC commissioning
It is used in marine and aeronautical speedometers
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signal isolation
is an inevitable part of process control, mostly it does the isolation of unwanted current loops, ground loops, and it also protects the operator and the machine. Isolation is the process in which there won’t be any electron flow between two circuits. The isolation breakdown voltage for the equipment is the voltage needed to cause flashover or a breakdown in isolation, in such a circuit. Isolation is mostly done by passing signal over a barrier using magnetic or optical coupling then converting the signal into the required output. While doing the isolation we must consider three isolation paths and they are supply to output, supply to input, and input to output.
What does, a loop-powered isolator and signal powered isolator do?
The loop power isolator will do the isolation for the input-output, and input-supply paths but not for the output supply paths. While the signal power isolator will provide isolation input-output, and output supply paths but not for the input supply paths because the signal is the supply.
Why do we isolate?
The major reason for doing isolation in an electrical circuit is to block the transfer of high or hazardous voltages and also to break ground loops.
Isolation can prevent the transfer of high or hazardous voltages between circuits
Isolation can do the protection from electric shocks
It can reject high common-mode voltages
Isolation can break the conduction path for high transient voltage noise between circuits, like voltage spikes that are generated from switching inductive loads, lightning, etc.
It can break potential ground loops, in an electric circuit, a potential difference or the voltage is the force that will drive current flow through it.
Why not isolate all transmitters?
Mostly transmitters are isolated from input to output, but in certain cases, it is not possible. Some transmitters must produce high sensor current or have high output drive, and in other types of transmitters, they use sensors that are highly insulated so to reduce the cost, isolation could be an option.
What are the types of signal isolators and how does it work?
What are Industrial signal isolators?
The important part of isolation is how we add electrical isolation to block unwanted signals and to transmit our required signal through the circuit without providing a direct path for signal conduction.
Magnetic isolation
Magnetic isolation or DC/DC isolator must be selected in a way that it must match to the transformer within the circuit. The parts of magnetic isolators are a transformer that has a driver at the primary and a receiver at the secondary. The driver would encode the input signal into an AC waveform that then couples from the primary to the secondary. The receiver would decode the waveform and reconstructs the signal at the output.
Optical isolation
In the optical isolation, it would use a light-emitting diode and a photodiode to transfer information across an isolation barrier. The measured input voltage signal will be converted to current, which would activate an LED within an optical coupler. The light-sensitive transistor will convert the light signal back to a current that the instrumentation amplifier can handle.
Capacitive isolation
A capacitor would allow the AC current to flow but it would block the DC, so it can be used to couple AC signals between circuits at different DC voltages through a varying electric field. The measured signal to be isolated will be modulated and coupled through the capacitor to the receiving side. On the receiving side, the AC signal is demodulated to restore the original signal.
What are the applications of the signal isolator?
Field interface device
Isolation of field signals
Distribution of signals
Translation of signals
Factory automation
SCADA
DCS
Impedance matching of transmitters and receiver instruments
Powering a field transmitter
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have you worked on it?
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p&id example
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Welcome, this channel is about industrial instrumentation and control for engineer, students and instrumentation fitter, technician and instrumentation mechanic.
Industrial automation is an interesting technology related to
measurement and control of process variables. Instrumentation is troubleshooting and calibration of instruments.
instrumentation and control system uses sensors, controllers, indicator and plc or DCS control panel for automation of a process.
field instrumentation depend on the maintenance and
instrument technician and engineer ability. basic instrument knowledge of measuring instruments applications and calibration like, pressure transmitter, temperature transmitter, gas analyzer, belt weigh feeder, level switch, level measurement, flow transmitter, load cell. Proximity switch types, instrumentation technician interview questions and answers.definition of closed loop system #instrumentation
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Joined 28 September 2018