Chemical engineering was founded with the existence of process plants and dating back to the fermentation and evaporation processes. It then developed to larger scales in the second half of the nineteenth century through the evolution of all manufacturing processed in that period. It was related to the solution of some problems in the design and operation of some chemical factories. After Iraq moved from monarchy to a republican regime in 1958, a number of officials in the new government, declared the need of Iraq to provide a specialist cadre for the oil industry in Iraq. This idea was embraced by the College of Engineering at the University of Baghdad at that time and decided to open the Department of the Petroleum Engineering (exploration, drilling, extraction, and transportation of crude oil), and the Department of Chemical Engineering (refining and petrochemicals) at the year 1959. The first chemical engineers were graduated in 1963.