Multiple studies confirm that the Xuchang skull of northern China dated to around 100,000 years old is a Neanderthal (and not Denisovan/Harbin) and other skulls from that region and time also have Neanderthal traits.
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The bones of 6 Neanderthals cannibalized 40,000 years ago at Goyet Cave in Belgium - their bones where splintered into tiny pieces suggesting this was an act of hunger and desperation to get every ounce of calories from the bones... possibly forced into this act when they were surrounded by modern humans with projectile weapons.
https://youtu.be/FWg2fgbPSMk
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PETRALONA SKULL FROM GREECE DATED TO 286,000 YEARS AGO https://youtu.be/tvt6bo6gUw8 watch video on watch page
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How FAST could a Neanderthal throw a baseball-sized rock?
The La Quina Neandertal site in France there were found rounded rocks the size of baseballs that could be thrown 100 feet, researchers estimate.
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"Yutzin", discovered in Mexico City in 2024, dated to 10,500 years, though some evidence suggests it could be 20-25,000 years old...very robust and unusual shape for Native American. Likely pre-LGM.
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Interesting new hominin tree with Denisovans and Sima as side branches of Neanderthals, H. antecessor a deadend side branch of H. erectus, and H. heidelbergensis as a multi-branched sister lineage separate from Sapiens and Neanderthals. What do you think?
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I really recommend watching the first 20 minutes of this interview with David Reich. He makes a number of really mind-blowing statements including that Neanderthals may have been up to 70% modern human DNA, and that The models of Neanderthal-Human admixture that are considered to be standard dogma are now low probability. https://youtu.be/Uj6skZIxPuI?si=rcZw8... watch video on watch page
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According to Geneticist David Reich these models are WRONG. They are very "low probability" only 5%, and are "increasingly implausible". He is saying that Neanderthals may have up to 70% modern human DNA, rather than there being an introgression event.
The most commonly reported scenario is the modern human mtDNA replaced Neanderthal mtDNA (late Introgression hypothesis) but a second scenario is that some Neanderthals always had a modern human mtDNA (Deep structure hypothesis).
The HST (Hohlenstein-Stadel) sample from southern Germany dates to 125,000 years ago and has a deeply divergent mtDNA that is closer to modern humans but also different than Neanderthals....
The Scladina Neanderthal lived around 120,000 years ago but had the the more common modern human mtDNA. So it is very strange that these two lived very close in time and place but had different mtDNA.
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Could DENISOVANS have migrated into The Americas 50,000 Years Ago?
50,000 Years ago would be the optimal climate window to go; not too cold, but cold enough that the sea levels were low enough for Beringia to be uncovered. Evidence proves Neanderthals migrated from Europe thousands of miles to the Altai region, so why couldn't Denisovans have migrated east across Beringia and into the Americas which is a similar distance and environment? There really is no reason that they couldn't: They wouldn't need boats and the interior was not glaciated at that time.
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Do you like this style of animation?
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Welcome to Highly Compelling on YouTube were we delve into a diverse array of topics, offering in-depth analyses and thought-provoking content of early human history, including explorations into Neanderthal and Denisovan history, genetics, and their interactions with early modern humans. We also explore the evolution of other hominins such as Homo erectus, Homo heidelbergensis and other species, and explore multiple geographic regions from Europe, Africa, Asia and the Pacific.
I only use sources from scientific publications and peer-reviewed studies, which are listed in the video description and/or shown on-screen in the video. I have been studying Neanderthals for over 40 years, and have B.Sc. in Environmental Science plus Graduate-level courses. However, it is important to note that Paleo-anthropologists often disagree, and on this channel I will offer different perspectives, including those from outside of the Western academic world.
Thanks for Watching!