Institute of Photonics and Electronics (IPE) is a medium-size non-profit research institution belonging to the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, the Czech largest non-university research organization. The main activity of IPE is basic and applied research which is complemented by metrology, dissemination and training activities. The main fields of research are photonics, optoelectronics and electronics. In these fields, IPE advances scientific knowledge as well as pursues development of new cutting-edge technologies. In recognition of IPE's excellence in the area of time, IPE has been entrusted with responsibility for the National Time and Frequency Standard. Education in the areas of IPE's research is an integral part of the Institute's mission. IPE is engaged in both graduate education and post-graduate training and through collaboration with universities it strives to contribute to quality of education in traditional as well as emerging and interdisciplinary areas.