https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/buergers-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20350658
Buerger disease is a rare condition that blocks blood vessels in the arms and legs, causing pain, numbness and gangrene. It is strongly linked to tobacco use and can be prevented by quitting smoking or chewing tobacco.

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21680-buergers-disease
Buerger's disease is a rare condition that affects blood vessels in the arms, legs, fingers and toes. It causes pain, clots and tissue damage, and can be prevented by quitting smoking. Learn more about the diagnosis, treatment and outlook of this disease.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thromboangiitis_obliterans
Thromboangiitis obliterans, also known as Buerger disease (English / ˈ b ɜːr ɡ ər /; German: [ˈbʏʁɡɐ]) or Winiwarter-Buerger disease, is a recurring progressive inflammation and thrombosis (clotting) of small and medium arteries and veins of the hands and feet. It is strongly associated with use of tobacco products, primarily from smoking, but is also associated with smokeless tobacco.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430858/
Buerger disease, also known as thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) is a progressive, nonatherosclerotic, segmental, inflammatory disease that most often affects small and medium arteries of the upper and lower extremities. Initially described by von Winiwarter in 1879, although the eponym was given to Leo Buerger who published extensive pathologic findings from the amputated limbs of afflicted

https://www.hopkinsvasculitis.org/types-vasculitis/buergers-disease/
Buerger's Disease is a rare form of vasculitis that affects the arteries and veins of the hands and feet, causing pain, ulcers and gangrene. It is strongly associated with tobacco use and requires complete smoking cessation for effective treatment.

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/buergers-disease
Buerger disease is a rare type of vasculitis that affects the blood vessels in your feet and hands. It can cause pain, ulcers, gangrene, and tissue damage. Learn about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of this condition.

https://www.healthline.com/health/thromboangiitis-obliterans
Buerger's disease is a rare condition that affects blood vessels in the hands and feet, often caused by smoking. It can lead to pain, tissue damage, and even amputation. Learn how to recognize, diagnose, and treat this disease.

https://www.verywellhealth.com/buergers-disease-overview-4571052
Buerger's disease is a rare form of vasculitis that affects the blood vessels in the hands and feet of smokers. It can cause pain, infection, and tissue death, and may require surgery or amputation. Learn how to diagnose and treat this condition.

https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/what-is-buergers-disease
Buerger's disease is a rare condition that inflames and blocks blood vessels in your arms and legs, usually caused by tobacco use. Learn how to recognize the signs, prevent complications, and treat this illness.

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/buergers-disease
Buerger's disease is a rare condition that affects the blood vessels in the limbs, causing pain, sores, and tissue damage. It is mainly linked to tobacco use and has no direct cure, but quitting smoking can improve the outlook.

https://www.pennmedicine.org/for-patients-and-visitors/patient-information/conditions-treated-a-to-z/buergers-disease-thromboangiitis-obliterans
Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger disease) is caused by small blood vessels that become inflamed and swollen. The blood vessels then narrow or get blocked by blood clots (thrombosis). Blood vessels of the hands and feet are mostly affected. Arteries are more affected than veins.

https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/buergers-disease.html
Buerger's disease (also known as thromboangiitis obliterans) affects blood vessels in the body, most commonly in the arms and legs. Blood vessels swell, which can prevent blood flow, causing clots to form. This can lead to pain, tissue damage, and even gangrene (the death or decay of body tissues). 1 In some cases, amputation may be required. 2.

https://www.uptodate.com/contents/thromboangiitis-obliterans-buerger-disease
A comprehensive overview of TAO, a rare inflammatory disease of the arteries and veins caused by tobacco use. Learn about the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of TAO.

https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2019/10/21/15/05/thromboangiitis-obliterans
Learn about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of Buerger's disease, a rare inflammatory condition that affects the small and medium sized arteries and veins of the extremities. Buerger's disease is strongly linked to tobacco use and requires complete cessation for optimal outcomes.

https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/buergers-disease/
Buerger's disease is a rare condition that causes narrowing or blockage of blood vessels in the extremities, especially in young or middle-aged smokers. It can lead to pain, ulcers, gangrene, and other complications. Learn about the symptoms, causes, treatment, and prevalence of this disorder.

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/460027-overview
Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO), an inflammatory vasculopathy also known as Buerger disease, is characterized by an inflammatory endarteritis that causes a prothrombotic state and subsequent vaso-occlusive phenomena. The inflammatory process is initiated within the tunica intima. It characteristically affects small and medium-sized arteries as

https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/b/buergers-disease.html
Buerger disease is one of many types of vasculitis. This is inflammation of small and medium size blood vessels. Buerger disease causes a tightening, or a blockage, of the blood vessels in your feet and hands. When blood doesn't flow well to your hands and feet, especially during activity, you may have pain and tissue damage.

https://www.rush.edu/conditions/buergers-disease
Most patients with Buerger's disease, which is a type of vasculitis, have a history of heavy tobacco use, smoking, vaping or using tobacco products (such as chewing tobacco). But scientists also think Buerger's disease may be an autoimmune disorder. Something in tobacco may trigger the immune system to mistakenly attack your blood vessels.

https://www.mountsinai.org/care/surgery/services/vascular-surgery/conditions/arterial-conditions/buergers-disease
Buerger's disease can affect people of any age or race, though it mostly happens to Asian and Middle Eastern men who are between the ages of 40 and 45 and who have been heavy tobacco users. It is rare among African Americans. Other risk factors are chronic gum disease, clogged arteries (atherosclerosis), and Raynaud's phenomenon.

https://www.amboss.com/us/knowledge/thromboangiitis-obliterans
Thromboangiitis obliterans. Thromboangiitis obliterans (. ), also known as Buerger disease, is an inflammatory, nonatherosclerotic, vasoocclusive disease affecting small and medium-sized vessels of the extremities. most commonly affects adult males with a significant history of tobacco consumption (e.g., smoking, chewing, vaping).

https://www.vasculitis.org.uk/about-vasculitis/buergers-disease
Buerger's Disease is a rare condition that affects the blood vessels in the hands and feet, causing clots, ulcers and gangrene. It is mainly caused by smoking tobacco and requires stopping smoking completely to prevent amputation. Learn more about the diagnosis, prognosis and pharmacological treatment options.

https://dermnetnz.org/topics/thromboangiitis-obliterans
Thromboangiitis obliterans is a smoking -related condition that results in blood clot formation ( thrombosis) in small and medium-sized arteries, and less commonly veins. The affected areas are most commonly the hands and feet. Thromboangiitis obliterans is also known as Buerger disease.