https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/volcanoes/
A volcano is an opening in a planet or moon's crust through which molten rock, hot gases, and other materials erupt. Volcanoes often form a hill or mountain as layers of rock and ash build up from repeated eruptions. Volcanoes are classified as active, dormant, or extinct. Active volcanoes have a recent history of eruptions; they are likely

https://eartheclipse.com/environment/natural-disaster/how-are-volcanoes-formed.html
A volcano is a fissure - opening or vent - in the earth's crust through which molten rocks and gases erupt. The molten rocks can be in the form of mixture of hot gases, ash, lava, or other extremely hot substances within the earth's crust. A volcano looks like a huge heap of soil or a mountain, known as the cone, on the earth surface

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/volcanoes
Volcanoes, explained. These fiery peaks have belched up molten rock, hot ash, and gas since Earth formed billions of years ago. Volcanoes are Earth's geologic architects. They've created more than

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/article/plate-tectonics-volcanic-activity/
A volcano is a feature in Earth's crust where molten rock is squeezed out onto the Earth's surface. This molten rock is called magma when it is beneath the surface and lava when it erupts, or flows out, from a volcano.Along with lava, volcanoes also release gases, ash, and, solid rock. Volcanoes come in many different shapes and sizes but are most commonly cone-shaped hills or mountains

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcano
A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. On Earth, volcanoes are most often found where tectonic plates are diverging or converging, and because most of Earth's plate boundaries are underwater, most volcanoes are

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/forces-nature/volcanoes.html
Cinder cone volcanoes are relatively small, steep, cone-shaped hills made up mostly of partly burned ash and magma cinders. Cinder cones tend to be explosive volcanoes but they can also produce lava. Although larger volcanoes form very slowly, a cinder cone can develop rapidly.

https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/volcanoes2/en/
A volcano is an opening on the surface of a planet or moon that allows material warmer than its surroundings to escape from its interior. When this material escapes, it causes an eruption. An eruption can be explosive, sending material high into the sky. Or it can be calmer, with gentle flows of material. This photograph shows an eruption of

https://www.bgs.ac.uk/discovering-geology/earth-hazards/volcanoes/how-volcanoes-form/
Stratovolcanoes have relatively steep sides and are more cone-shaped than shield volcanoes. They are formed from viscous, sticky lava that does not flow easily. The lava therefore builds up around the vent forming a volcano with steep sides. Stratovolcanoes are more likely to produce explosive eruptions due to gas building up in the viscous magma.

https://www.britannica.com/science/volcano
volcano, vent in the crust of Earth or another planet or satellite, from which issue eruptions of molten rock, hot rock fragments, and hot gases. A volcanic eruption is an awesome display of Earth's power. Yet, while eruptions are spectacular to watch, they can cause disastrous loss of life and property, especially in densely populated

https://www.khanacademy.org/partner-content/amnh/earthquakes-and-volcanoes/volcanoes/a/volcanoes-101
Hot spots are found around the globe, on land and in the ocean. The Hawaiian Islands are the youngest volcanic mountains in a long chain of volcanoes that formed over a hotspot. They are still forming today. Another hot spot is under Yellowstone National Park, where the heat causes boiling mud pools and geysers like Old Faithful.

https://www.snexplores.org/article/explainer-volcano-basics
A volcano is a spot in Earth's crust where molten rock, volcanic ash and certain types of gases escape from an underground chamber. Magma is the name for that molten rock when it's below ground. Scientists call it lava once that liquid rock erupts from the ground — and may start flowing across Earth's surface. (It's still "lava" even after it's cooled and solidified.)

https://www.bgs.ac.uk/discovering-geology/earth-hazards/volcanoes/how-volcanoes-form-2/
There are three settings where volcanoes typically form: constructive plate boundaries. destructive plate boundaries. hot spots. Volcanoes do not typically occur at transform boundaries. One of the reasons for this is that there is little or no magma available at the plate boundary.

https://sciencenotes.org/types-of-volcanoes/
The three main types of volcanoes are cinder cones, composite volcanoes (stratovolcanoes) and shield volcanoes. Lava domes are a common fourth type of volcano. However, there are other kinds of volcanoes, plus they are compound or complex volcanoes that have features of multiple types. For example, Trident Volcano in Alaska is a complex volcano

https://www.usgs.gov/programs/VHP/about-volcanoes
They are usually tall with steep even sides and are made out of repeating layers of lava flows, volcanic ash, cinders, blocks, and volcanic bombs. Some composite volcanoes rise over 8,000 feet above their surroundings, but they reach much higher elevations when compared to the level of the sea (called above sea level).

https://www.nps.gov/subjects/volcanoes/types-of-volcanoes.htm
Constructional volcanoes are topographic highs and are built by eruptions that build volcanic edifices. Cinder cones, composite volcanoes, and shield volcanoes are constructional. Excavational volcanoes have negative relief (below the general land surface). They form from either violent blasts or from collapse over a magma chamber.

https://geo.libretexts.org/Courses/Lumen_Learning/Book%3A_Earth_Science_(Lumen)/06%3A_Volcanoes/6.02%3A_Types_of_Volcanoes
Figure 8.22: A composite or stratovolcano is created by many levels of alternating materials.. Composite volcanoes are also called stratovolcanoes because of the alternating layers, or strata, of which they are made (Figure 8.22).The magma that creates stratovolcanoes tends to be more viscous, or thick.Viscous lava creates greater pressure which, in turn, tends to create explosive eruptions.

https://www.britannica.com/story/what-causes-a-volcano-to-erupt
Volcanoes erupt because of the way heat moves beneath Earth 's surface. Heat is conveyed from the planet's interior to its surface largely by convection —the transfer of heat by movement of a heated fluid. In this case, the fluid is magma —molten or partially molten rock —which is formed by the partial melting of Earth's mantle and

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R_pDKyg5YKY
Access lesson resources for this video + more high school geography videos for free on ClickView https://clickv.ie/w/HaAw#volcanoformation #geology #natura

https://owlcation.com/stem/How-Does-a-Volcano-Form
A volcano forms when pressure, temperature, and other natural forces push magma out of a magma chamber (a large, underground pool of liquid rock) until it erupts as lava on the surface of the earth or as a boiling gush under the ocean. When the molten rock (magma) reaches the planet's surface—whether on land or at the bottom of the ocean—it

https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/volcano
When magma finds a way to escape from beneath the earth's surface, it creates a volcano. Volcanoes erupt in different ways. Some, like Mount St. Helens, explode. Explosive eruptions are so powerful, they can shoot particles 20 miles up (32 kilometers), hurl 8-ton boulders more than a half mile (0.8 kilometers) away, and cause massive landslides.

https://byjus.com/physics/volcanoes/
A volcano mountain is formed by the surface eruption of magma from within the earth's upper mantle. The magma that erupts to the surface and forms a lava flow that deposits ash. As the volcano continues to erupt, a new layer of lava is added to the surface, accumulating to form a mountain.

https://kids.britannica.com/kids/article/volcano/353902
A volcano is an opening in Earth 's crust. When a volcano erupts, hot gases and melted rock from deep within Earth find their way up to the surface. This material may flow slowly out of a fissure, or crack, in the ground, or it may explode suddenly into the air. Volcanic eruptions may be very destructive. But they also create new landforms.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/z849q6f/articles/zd9cxyc
They can have violent eruptions and can grow bigger as layers of thick lava and ash harden on top of each other. Mount Etna in Sicily, Italy, is an example of a composite volcano. Shield volcanoes

https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024ScChD..67.1856W/abstract
Oceanic intraplate volcanoes with linear age progressions are usually accepted to be derived from melting of an upwelling mantle plume. Several seamount groups in NW Pacific, however, show complex age-distance relationships that are difficult to explain using the classic "mantle plume hypothesis", and thus their origins are controversial. In this study, we present <SUP>40</SUP>Ar-<SUP>39</SUP

https://www.imdb.com/title/tt32623398/
Violent Earth: With Kyung Lah, Allison Chinchar, Liev Schreiber. Each episode of Violent Earth combines heart pounding video and film of epic natural events like tornado, tsunami, wildfire, volcano, and hurricane with first hand accounts of survivors who experienced these powerful disasters. Are these storms, fires, and earthquakes more powerful now and are they happening more frequently?