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https://earthlymission.com/tiwanaku-pumapunku-akapana-mystery-construction-architecture/
Some scholars suggest that Puma Punku was a ceremonial center or a religious complex, where the Tiwanaku people worshipped their gods and performed rituals. They argue that the Tiwanaku had advanced knowledge of mathematics, astronomy, and engineering, and that they used simple tools like stone hammers, chisels, and ropes to create the monument.
https://www.ancient-origins.net/news-general/puma-punku-reconstruction-0011193
Top image: 3D printed model of the ancient site of Puma Punku, Tiwanaku. Source: Dr Alexei Vranich, 2018. The article, originally titled '3D-printed reconstructions provide clues to ancient site,' was first published on Science Daily. Source: BioMed Central. "3D-printed reconstructions provide clues to ancient site."
https://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-americas/enduring-mystery-surrounds-ancient-site-puma-punku-005317
Early explorer and engineer Arthur Posnansky, one of the first modern explorers of the site, dated Puma Punku to about 15,000 B.C.; modern archaeologist Neil Steede stands behind Posnansky's claim. Posnansky used the astronomical alignments of the site's main temple to date it. "They built the temple itself as a giant clock," Steede
https://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-americas/puma-punku-002
Puma Punku is a Pre-Columbian archaeological site in Bolivia that is steeped in wonder and mystery. The architecture found in the ruins astounds archaeologists and historians and has inspired advanced ancient civilization and ancient alien theories. Puma Punku (Pumapunku, Puma Puncu) which means "door of the puma," is part of a larger
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumapunku
Stone blocks at Pumapunku. Pumapunku or Puma Punku (Aymara and Quechua which literally means 'Gate of the Puma') is a 6th-century T-shaped and strategically aligned man-made terraced platform mound with a sunken court and monumental structure on top that is part of the Pumapunku complex, at the Tiwanaku Site near Tiwanacu, in western Bolivia.The Pumapunku complex is an alignment of plazas and
https://hiddenincatours.com/tiwanaku-and-puma-punku-proof-of-ancient-flood-destruction/
February 18-28, 2019 - Join Brien & irene on this adventure through Mexico to discover evidence of ancient technology, lost cultures, and incredible sites. FULL DETAILS. April 6th - 18th, 2019 - Join Khemitologists, Researchers, and Explorers as they examine the evidence and discuss the remarkable indications of what is possibly the world
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VsQRHzbpEtk
http://www.hiddenincatours.com
https://archive.org/download/mdocs/Books/The%20Enigma%20of%20Tiwanaku%20and%20Puma%20Punku%20by%20Brien%20Foerster%20%282013%29.pdf
Tiwanaku and Puma Punku sit, almost brooding on the high altiplano of Bolivia, just half an hour from the Peruvian border and a 5 minute drive from a major highway. Yet their mere presence confounds the brightest of intellects, and is the bane of many archaeologists who try to explain the amazing and precise flat and compound stone surfaces as
https://heritagesciencejournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40494-018-0231-0
The ruins of Tiwanaku (A.D. 500-950), in the modern republic of Bolivia, present an archaeological challenge owing to intense looting during the colonial period that effectively demolished the site. One building in particular, known as the Pumapunku, was described by Spanish conquistadors and travelers of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, as a wondrous, though unfinished, building
https://allthatsinteresting.com/pumapunku
Pumapunku, a name that means "door of the puma," was a holy site started between 500 and 600 CE. It grew and expanded as its people did, reflecting the increasing power of the civilization that built and rebuilt it over hundreds of years. And then one day, suddenly, the inhabitants of Pumapunku vanished and a great civilization came
https://www.academia.edu/5631446/The_Enduring_Enigma_Of_Puma_Punku_in_Bolivia
Antti Korpisaari. The Enduring Enigma Of Puma Punku Brien Foerster On the high, arid plains of Bolivia, some 11 km from the southern edge of South America's largest lake, Titicaca, brood the ruins of a once proud human accomplishment, Puma Punku. The name itself derives from the Native Aymara language, still in use by millions of people
https://sacredland.org/tiwanaku-lake-titikaka-bolivia/
Tiwanaku (or Tiahuanacu) is an ancient civic and sacred site consisting of former pyramids and enclosures, gateways and monuments located in western Bolivia near the southeast shore of Lake Titikaka. Tiwanaku was both the political and spiritual capital of the Tiwanaku Empire between 200 and 1000 CE and was an integral part of the spiritual
https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Enigma_Of_Tiwanaku_And_Puma_Punku_A.html?id=gkEHBAAAQBAJ
Among the least understood of ancient megalithic sites in South America is Tiwanaku, located about 12,500 feet in elevation near Lake Titicaca, Bolivia. And even less is known about Puma Punku, which is in fact part of the Tiwanaku complex, and displays levels of stone shaping craftsmanship that can barely be recreated today. Who built these amazing places, when, and why?
https://gizmodo.com/scientists-virtually-reconstruct-magnificent-pre-incan-1831051922
Pumapunku, which means "door of the puma," was a temple designed and built by the pre-Incan Tiwanaku culture, who lived and thrived in what is now western Bolivia from 500 AD to 1,000 AD
https://www.sci.news/archaeology/pumapunku-06762.html
Next ยป. The Pumapunku (Gateway of the Puma or Jaguar), a highly damaged pre-Columbian monument at the ancient archaeological site of Tiwanaku, Bolivia, has been reconstructed using 3D printed miniature models of architectural fragments. Historic photograph of the architecture on the east side of the Pumapunku platform taken by Max Uhle in 1893.
https://phys.org/news/2018-12-d-printed-reconstructions-clues-ancient-site.html
More information: Alexei Vranich, Reconstructing ancient architecture at Tiwanaku, Bolivia: the potential and promise of 3D printing, Heritage Science (2018). DOI: 10.1186/s40494-018-0231-
https://www.ancient-code.com/what-happened-to-puma-punku-did-a-cataclysmic-event-destroy-the-ancient-complex/
Located in modern-day Bolivia, Puma Punku is part of an even larger archaeological complex known as Tiahuanaco. This mysterious ancient site remains as one of the most enigmatic archaeological complexes ever discovered on the planet. Based on recent carbon dating tests performed on organic material on the site, researchers estimate that this
https://www.roadunraveled.com/blog/puma-punku-tiwanaku-lake-titicaca/
Puma Punku, Tiwanaku and Lake Titicaca in One Day. by Stephanie Hubka. Bolivia first appeared on our radar a couple of years ago thanks to Adam's love of the History Channel. It was the H blocks that captured his attention, with their incredibly precise cuts and edges that seem to defy logic given the tools the pre-Incan people would have had.
https://www.theancientconnection.com/megaliths/bolivia/puma-punku/
Puma Punku is a large archaeological complex located in the archaeological site of Tiwanaku, Bolivia. In the Aymara language, the name Puma Punku means "The Door of the Puma". It is located near the southeastern shore of Lake Titicaca and sits on a plateau in the Andes at roughly 12,600 feet of elevation. At its peak, Puma Punku should have
https://www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology-latest-historical-news/new-discoveries-tiwanaku-puma-punku-lost-statue-021912
Puma Punku from the air (Author provided) Viracocha's Presence at Tiwanaku. The lake is the origin point of the great bearded god - Viracocha, who was said to have emerged from the waters on to the Island of the Sun, created a team of stone or mud giants and instructed them to build all the megalithic sites and carve statues of their great god along the Path of Viracocha, that included
https://whc.unesco.org/en/documents/111167
World Heritage partnerships for conservation. Ensuring that World Heritage sites sustain their outstanding universal value is an increasingly challenging mission in today's complex world, where sites are vulnerable to the effects of uncontrolled urban development, unsustainable tourism practices, neglect, natural calamities, pollution, political instability, and conflict.
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/evidence-ancient-religion-discovered-lake-titicaca
A spondylus shell, center, was a precious object in the Tiwanaku state and an example of the valuable offerings left in the lake. That new religion set the groundwork for moral and behavioral
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/xdcu50/can_anyone_tell_me_more_about_the_mysterious/
Claims that Tiwanaku is millennia old, such as "Puma Punku is on the ancient shore of Titicaca" or "Akapana lines up with the way stars were 16000 years ago," are workable when everything exists in isolation. But every data point is tangled up in so many other ones that any single observation must be interpreted in terms of them.