https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DGdbDtlc-1k
The Origins of 'The Philosophy of Racial Superiority'The Roman Empire & Greek Leadership Philosophy That led to the colonization of Africa.By Dr. Myles Munro

https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/critical-phil-race/
Critical Philosophy of Race. First published Wed Sep 15, 2021. The field that has come to be known as the Critical Philosophy of Race is an amalgamation of philosophical work on race that largely emerged in the late 20th century, though it draws from earlier work. It departs from previous approaches to the question of race that dominated the

https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/race/
1. History of the Concept of Race. The dominant scholarly position is that the concept of race is a modern phenomenon, at least in Europe and the Americas. However, there is less agreement regarding whether racism, even absent a developed race concept, may have existed in the ancient Greek and Roman worlds.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/rome-an-empire-of-many-nations/ethnicity-and-identity-in-the-roman-empire/C61E11227FB2BF65A95E98BF1610F20C
Jewish experience in the Roman Empire for the vast proportion of the time, at least until the great war of 66-70 CE, was smooth and untroubled. 70 Jews thrived in the Mediterranean diaspora, even in Rome itself. The Roman government extended favor and support abroad, and found ample space for Jews at home.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/rome-an-empire-of-many-nations/ethnicity-and-identity-in-the-roman-empire/1239EB2EBE56402B3C360E4DEF8EC465
1 This brief investigation into one man's ethnic identity in the Roman empire is offered in gratitude to Ben Isaac whose research into army and frontiers, into race and ethnicity, and other important facets of Roman imperial history, have been a constant inspiration and an incitement to better scholarship.

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-78729-9_1
To speak of human race is to speak of human races—if there were only one human race, that "race" would be the whole of humanity.To understand the history of ideas of race in Western philosophy, it is important to avoid anachronism and not interpret earlier forms of human hierarchy or status, as racial systems, where and when there were not yet fully developed ideas of human races as

https://www.jstor.org/stable/2708805
common in seventeenth-century discussions of the origin of the English. Laudation of the peculiar qualities of the Germanic people had been revived on the Continent as early as the Reformation; German reformers drew an analogy between the earlier destruction of the universal Roman Empire and the new destruction of the universal Roman Church.

https://oxfordre.com/classics/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.001.0001/acrefore-9780199381135-e-5497
Race and Classics. The concept of race has had a long and often troubled history in classical studies. Ideas about race were central to the field from its inception and were often employed in the service of overtly racist interpretations of antiquity, such as Roman historian Tenney Frank's claim, in 1916, that "race mixture" had led to the decline of Rome.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/rome-an-empire-of-many-nations/religious-pluralism-in-the-roman-empire/B7F154FC98805455E02F32B844B9A462
The Romans enjoyed a reputation for broad-mindedness in matters of religion. Their empire contained a multitude of diverse peoples with varied and sometimes outlandish rites, beliefs, and gods. Far from suppressing such practices, the Romans even imported alien cults and made them part of their own extended system of honoring divine powers.

https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9781400849567/html
There was racism in the ancient world, after all. This groundbreaking book refutes the common belief that the ancient Greeks and Romans harbored "ethnic and cultural," but not racial, prejudice. It does so by comprehensively tracing the intellectual origins of racism back to classical antiquity. Benjamin Isaac's systematic analysis of ancient social prejudices and stereotypes reveals that some

https://www.academia.edu/44299662/The_Roman_roots_of_racial_capitalism_What_an_ancient_empire_can_teach_us_about_diversity
Based on (not only) literary point of view of ancient authors, this paper tries to answer old question, whether racism against blacks was born already in ancient Rome and the most glorious civilization of Europa's history was based on racial segregation, or the idea of superiority based on colour of one's skin is really modern past's invention.

https://soar.suny.edu/handle/20.500.12648/1366
Extensive research was conducted to address the historical significance of the use of Greco-Roman history by modern white supremacists' in the United States. I found that the use of the Classics by hate groups, such as white supremacy groups, follows a pattern of behavior beginning with the development of race theories between the sixteenth

https://www.academia.edu/20411779/Colours_of_the_Roman_Empire_Could_Minorities_Be_Authorities
Contrary to the consensus in Greco-Roman studies, Blackness was a factor in ancient Greek racial thought. It is evident that Herodotus' own understanding of Blackness did not differ from the general Greek worldview. Ultimately, this analysis shows that Blackness was a significant aspect of Herodotus' ethnography for particular racial groups.

https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0234%3Abook%3D6%3Achapter%3D52
The Causes of Roman Superiority. If we look however at separate details, for instance. and its citizen levies superior to Carthaginian mercenaries. at the provisions for carrying on a war, we shall find that whereas for a naval expedition the Carthaginians are the better trained and prepared,—as it is only natural with a people with whom it

https://www.jstor.org/stable/1558267
ROMAN REPUBLICANISM 129 schools of Greek philosophy, and thereby make philosophy more accessible to Romans. They added a brilliance of style, but made few claims to originality of thought. The political writings and the De Officiis were of a totally different character. In ethics and politics Cicero considered the Romans the clear

https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2u5lqh/did_latin_romans_ever_think_that_they_were_the/
But unlike modern racism (which defines race in terms of skin color, skull shape, and outdated theories of human evolution), Roman superiority was rooted in membership in an imagined kin-group, education, manners, language, and citizenship. You didn't have to look Greek or Italian to pass as civilized; but if you talked with a funny accent, and

https://classicalstudies.org/scs-blog/lislwalsh/blog-what-difference-%E1%BC%A4-makes-hippocrates-racism-and-translation-greco-roman
As Benjamin Isaac concisely stated in a 2016 piece in Eidolon, the "pseudo-scientific roots" of American racism can be traced back to Ancient Greek theories of human difference. A crucial text quoted at length by Isaac is Airs, Waters, Places .Preserved as a medical document in the Hippocratic Corpus , this treatise argues that climate has a strong influence on human biology and human

https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/37368073/R_3J2XnwN9Nw4ijRp_Race%20Rendered%20Theologically%20Thesis%20Sacco.pdf?sequence=1
discourse that lacks explicit racial, imperial, national supremacist claims continues to be racial. discourse that advocates a global assimilationist project into whiteness. Drawing on Ann Stoler's. theorization of the "polyvalent mobility" and "fixity" and "fluidity" of racial discourse, I.

https://assets.cambridge.org/97805218/75530/frontmatter/9780521875530_frontmatter.pdf
POPUL AR MORALIT Y IN THE EARLY ROMAN EMPIRE. Morality is one of the fundamental structures of any society, enabling complex groups to form, negotiate their internal differences and per-sist through time. In the first book-length study of Roman popular morality, Dr Morgan argues that we can recover much of the moral thinking of people up and

https://soar.suny.edu/bitstream/handle/20.500.12648/1366/King_Honors%20.pdf?sequence=1
overlook any discussions of racial theory that is dated after the Second World War. White supremacists continue to twist facts of antiquity to justify a means to an end. Additionally, white supremacists use symbols and images of Roman antiquity to harken back to the glory of the Roman Empire. For instance, the white supremacy group,

https://www.vox.com/2019/11/6/20919221/alt-right-history-greece-rome-donna-zuckerberg
Donna Zuckerberg. "Western civilization" has, for the alt-right, become culturally acceptable code for "white culture.". So celebration of Western civilization is really a way to celebrate

https://academic.oup.com/british-academy-scholarship-online/book/19826/chapter/178691978
Abstract. This chapter focuses on the emergence of modern racist ideology during the nineteenth century. It examines the role played by the Victorian anatomists and anthropologists who constructed classifications of humans according to racial type, and depicted these types as having distinct and certain characteristics determined by their biological inheritance.

https://www.academia.edu/21758939/The_Magyars_A_Ruling_Race_The_Idea_of_National_Superiority_in_Fin_de_Siecle_Hungary
His racial philosophy of the nation became part of the fin-de-siècle political language, a symbol of Hungarian millenary superiority.70 In the highly nationalistic context of fin-desiècle Hungary, it seemed that Beksics seized on the idea of national superiority and 'racial struggle' as central to the understanding of the relationship