https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J9jhg90A7Lw
We learned about gene expression in biochemistry, which is comprised of transcription and translation, and referred to as the "central dogma" of molecular bi

https://www.pearson.com/channels/biology/asset/0578738f/regulation-of-gene-expression-operons-epigenetics-and-transcription-factors
Regulation of Gene Expression: Operons, Epigenetics, and Transcri... | Channels for Pearson+. General Biology 16. Regulation of Expression Review of the Lac Operon & Trp Operon. 7m.

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/gene-expression-and-regulation
Eukaryotic gene transcription: Going from DNA to mRNA (Opens a modal) Overview of transcription ... Operons and gene regulation in bacteria (Opens a modal) Overview: Gene regulation in bacteria ... (Opens a modal) Practice. Regulation of gene expression and cell specialization Get 3 of 4 questions to level up! Quiz 2. Level up on the above

https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/regulation-of-transcription-and-gene-expression-in-1086/
The answer lies in the difference in gene expression and regulation used. It is estimated that the human genome encodes approximately 25,000 genes, about the same number as that for corn and

https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_California_Davis/BIS_2A%3A_Introductory_Biology_(Britt)/02%3A_Face-2-Face/2.10%3A_Regulation_of_Gene_Expression
How do cells control which genes are expressed and at what level? This webpage introduces the basic concepts and mechanisms of gene regulation in different contexts, such as development, metabolism, and response to environmental signals. Learn how cells use transcription factors, chromatin modifications, RNA interference, and protein degradation to regulate gene expression.

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/gene-expression-and-regulation/regulation-of-gene-expression-and-cell-specialization/a/overview-of-eukaryotic-gene-regulation
Gene regulation is the process of controlling which genes in a cell's DNA are expressed (used to make a functional product such as a protein). Different cells in a multicellular organism may express very different sets of genes, even though they contain the same DNA. The set of genes expressed in a cell determines the set of proteins and

https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Portland_Community_College/Cascade_Microbiology/09%3A_Mechanisms_of_Microbial_Genetics/9.7%3A_Gene_Regulation%3A_Operon_Theory
Gene expression is a tightly regulated process. Gene expression in prokaryotes is largely regulated at the point of transcription. Gene expression in eukaryotes is additionally regulated post-transcriptionally. Prokaryotic structural genes of related function are often organized into operons, all controlled by transcription from a single

https://www.nature.com/scitable/topic/gene-expression-and-regulation-15/
Gene expression and regulation describes the process by which information encoded in an organism's DNA directs the synthesis of end products, RNA or protein. The articles in this Subject space

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulation_of_gene_expression
Up-regulation is a process which occurs within a cell triggered by a signal (originating internal or external to the cell), which results in increased expression of one or more genes and as a result the proteins encoded by those genes. Conversely, down-regulation is a process resulting in decreased gene and corresponding protein expression.

https://openstax.org/books/microbiology/pages/11-7-gene-regulation-operon-theory
Overall, regulating transcription is a highly effective way to control gene expression in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. However, the control of gene expression in eukaryotes in response to environmental and cellular stresses can be accomplished in additional ways without the binding of transcription factors to regulatory regions.

https://rwu.pressbooks.pub/bio103/chapter/regulation-of-gene-expression/
2 Chapter 17. Regulation of Gene Expression. Figure 17.1 The genetic content of each somatic cell in an organism is the same, but not all genes are expressed in every cell. The control of which genes are expressed dictates whether a cell is (a) an eye cell or (b) a liver cell. It is the differential gene expression patterns that arise in

https://openstax.org/books/biology-2e/pages/16-1-regulation-of-gene-expression
The regulation of gene expression can occur at all stages of the process (Figure 16.3). Regulation may occur when the DNA is uncoiled and loosened from nucleosomes to bind transcription factors (epigenetic level), when the RNA is transcribed (transcriptional level),

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/gene-expression-and-regulation/regulation-of-gene-expression-and-cell-specialization/a/eukaryotic-transcription-factors
Transcription factors are proteins that help turn specific genes "on" or "off" by binding to nearby DNA. Transcription factors that are activators boost a gene's transcription. Repressors decrease transcription. Groups of transcription factor binding sites called enhancers and silencers can turn a gene on/off in specific parts of the body.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9953580/
Associated Data. Gene-expression regulation involves multiple processes and a range of regulatory factors. In this review, we describe the key factors that regulate gene expression, including transcription factors (TFs), chromatin accessibility, histone modifications, DNA methylation, and RNA modifications.

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/gene-expression-and-regulation/regulation-of-gene-expression-and-cell-specialization/a/overview-gene-regulation-in-bacteria
Bacteria have specific regulatory molecules that control whether a particular gene will be transcribed into mRNA. Often, these molecules act by binding to DNA near the gene and helping or blocking the transcription enzyme, RNA polymerase. Let's take a closer look at how genes are regulated in bacteria.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK9904/
As already discussed, transcription in bacteria is regulated by the binding of proteins to cis -acting sequences (e.g., the lac operator) that control the transcription of adjacent genes. Similar cis -acting sequences regulate the expression of eukaryotic genes. These sequences have been identified in mammalian cells largely by the use of gene

https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/3-540-29623-9_2520
Key components of gene regulation are transcription factors, which can be defined by their location relative to the transcriptional start site of a particular gene. First, general or basal transcription factors are required for basic promoter function ( preinitiation complex PIC) and are recruited directly to the vicinity of the transcriptional

https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/operons-and-prokaryotic-gene-regulation-992/
In bacteria, this sort of genetic regulation is mediated at the level of transcription. Bacterial Operons Are Coregulated Gene Clusters Bacterial genes are organized into operons, or clusters of

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-mcc-microbiology/chapter/gene-regulation-operon-theory/
Gene expression is a tightly regulated process. Gene expression in prokaryotes is largely regulated at the point of transcription. Gene expression in eukaryotes is additionally regulated post-transcriptionally. Prokaryotic structural genes of related function are often organized into operons, all controlled by transcription from a single

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34314098/
Transcription factors (TFs) are key regulators of intrinsic cellular processes, such as differentiation and development, and of the cellular response to external perturbation through signaling pathways. In this review we focus on the role of TFs as a link between signaling pathways and gene regulation. Cell signaling tends to result in the

https://brainbeau.com/index.php/en/ap-biology/ap-biology-embedded-videos/624-genetics/583-chapter-18-regulation-of-gene-expression/2097-professor-dave-explains-regulation-of-gene-expression-operons-epigenetics-and-transcription-factors
We learned about gene expression in biochemistry, which is comprised of transcription and translation, and referred to as the "central dogma" of molecular biology. But how is this process regulated? How does a cell know which genes to express and when?

https://academic.oup.com/nar/advance-article/doi/10.1093/nar/gkae549/7701484
With the dynamic adjustability afforded by cgRNA designs, precise regulation of target gene expressions was demonstrated for enzymes, a transcription factor, and cytoskeleton associated proteins. Further, endogenous, metabolism-associated genes such as lacZ and ftsZ could be regulated in a reversible manner.

https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biochemistry/Fundamentals_of_Biochemistry_(Jakubowski_and_Flatt)/03%3A_Unit_III-_Information_Pathway/27%3A_Regulation_of_Gene_Expression/27.01%3A_Regulation_of_Gene_Expression_in_Bacteria
Figure 27.1.1 27.1. 1: Schematic Representation of an Operon. In prokaryotes, structural genes of related functions are often organized together on the genome and transcribed together under the control of a single promoter. The operon's regulatory region includes both the promoter and the operator.

https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/14/7/803
This suggests that the alterations of gene expression profiles caused by epigenetic changes could be another mechanism through which these factors can influence male reproductive function. This aspect is fundamental, considering that epigenetic modifications could be transmitted to offspring, possibly affecting their health [ 11 ].

https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Microbiology/Microbiology_(OpenStax)/11%3A_Mechanisms_of_Microbial_Genetics/11.07%3A_Gene_Regulation_-_Operon_Theory
Gene expression is a tightly regulated process. Gene expression in prokaryotes is largely regulated at the point of transcription. Gene expression in eukaryotes is additionally regulated post-transcriptionally. Prokaryotic structural genes of related function are often organized into operons, all controlled by transcription from a single

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41420-024-02076-2
The control of gene expression in mammals by methylation of cytosine ... on the epigenetic regulation of LEDGF transcription, and the activity of Sp1 at its binding sites during aging/oxidative

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.06.25.600585.full.pdf
Fig 1. Schematic overview of epigenetics-driven gene transcription and epigenomics sequencing data processing: Gene transcription heavily relies on epigenetics. These epigenetic mechanisms can be categorized into four categories: A. Chromatin accessibility, B. Active Transcription, C. Chromatin looping, D. Histone modifications.

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ado7082
Neumann et al. developed a compact epigenetic silencer called CHARM that could efficiently shut off the prion gene throughout the mouse brain when delivered systemically by a viral vector without changing the underlying DNA sequence (see the Perspective by Whittaker and Musunuru). The epigenetic editor can also be programmed to turn itself off

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-024-01653-z
Our finding adds to the growing evidence that histone modifications can have a functional role in directing gene expression 1,4,5 and are not installed as a mere consequence of transcription.