https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OkC373_FFVA
#musictheory #japan #modes Welcome back to another episode in our ongoing series on Japanese Music Theory. If you haven't seen those videos yet, you can find

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shakuhachi
A shakuhachi (Japanese: 尺八, pronounced [ɕakɯhat͡ɕi]) is a Japanese longitudinal, end-blown flute that is made of bamboo.The bamboo end-blown flute now known as the shakuhachi was developed in Japan in the 16th century and is called the fuke shakuhachi (普化尺八). A bamboo flute known as the kodai shakuhachi (古代尺八, ancient shakuhachi) or gagaku shakuhachi (雅楽尺八) was

https://flutedojo.com/guides/honkyoku
Honkyoku 本曲, the most venerated pieces of shakuhachi music, were primarily composed by anonymous Komuso monks and are considered to be spiritual. They often have themes from Buddhism, Shinto 神道, and Shugendo 修験道. Both Honkyoku and the various practices or methodologies of playing them have elements from Shomyo Buddhist liturgy

https://senryushakuhachi.com/scale-and-temperament
The scale is composed of seven notes. There are five notes which are dominant, and two more 'secondary' notes, one which seems to me specifically in shakuhachi music as being more 'important' (more used) than the other. Furthermore, the 'notes' have two aspects, both of critical significance. They are, pitch; and tone colour.

https://j-soul.kyoto.jp/en/shakuhachi
A prevalent theory on the etymology of Shakuhachi is that "during the Zhēnguàn period (627 - 649 CE) of the early Tang Dynasty, the musician Lü Cai created twelve flutes in accordance with Shí-èr-lǜ, the classical Chinese twelve pitch chromatic scale, and of those, the tube which corresponded to Huáng Zhōng, the standard tone (tonic) was 1 shaku 8 (hachi) sun in length, and

https://japanpitt.pitt.edu/essays-and-articles/culture/brief-history-shakuhachi
Measuring at 54.5 cm the ostensibly simple Japanese vertical bamboo flute called shakuhachi 尺八boasts a history spanning over one thousand years and today can be heard and seen in a variety of different contexts from lone mendicant priests begging for alms, the concert hall, to fusion ensembles like the Silk Road Ensemble, and the fusion group Wagakki Band.

https://shakuhachi.com/PG-Tani-HTPS.html
53 pages. PG-2. Yoshinobu Taniguchi is one of the foremost living masters of shakuhachi in Japan today. In addition to having studied under three great pillars of shakuhachi -Aoki Reibo, Yamaguchi Goro and Yokoyama Katsuya - he has also mastered the playing styles and repertoire of many other shakuhachi sects. Mr. Taniguchi is a recipient of

https://www.japanstudies.pitt.edu/sound-japanese-music-shakuhachi-its-history-and-its-music
The World in a Single Sound - the Shakuhachi, its History, and its Music. Devon Osamu Tipp, PhD Candidate in Music Theory/Composition, University of Pittsburgh. Steeped in the aesthetics of Zen Buddhism, traditional shakuhachi repertoire focuses on the discovery of the world that lies within a single note, a single sound.

https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781315077192-8/shakuhachi-instrument-music-change-diversification-tukitani-tuneko-seyama-t%C3%B4ru-simura-satosi-riley-kelly-lee
ABSTRACT. The shakuhachi is used in both traditional and modern Japanese music; in ensemble pieces, as an accompanying instrument, in pop, jazz, and rock, as well as in works by contemporary composers. In spite of its popularity and high repute, little is known about the shakuhachi instrument and its historical background by the general public

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07494469400640091
Abstract. The shakuhachi is used in both traditional and modern Japanese music; in ensemble pieces, as an accompanying instrument, in pop, jazz, and rock, as well as in works by contemporary composers. In spite of its popularity and high repute, little is known about the shakuhachi instrument and its historical background by the general public or even by musicologists, with the exception of a

https://academic.oup.com/book/41422/chapter/352747997
In contrast to the usual application of this theory, to some shakuhachi practitioners, playing beautifully represents the abject state. ... In an important sense, the "single sound" in shakuhachi music is the single timbre—the attack, decay, sustain, and release of the player's breath as it traces its timbral flow. Timbral

https://www.musictheoryacademy.com/understanding-music/modes/
The dominance of music modes faded away as harmonised music using the major and minor scales developed. The Ionian mode has remained as the major scale, whilst the Aeolian mode has remained as the minor scale. However, composers throughout the years have still turned to the modes when composing. Folk songs often use modes.

https://senzoku-online.jp/TMDL/e/03-shaku8.html
The shakuhachi is a type of vertical bamboo flute which takes its name from its standard length of one shaku eight sun, literally 1.8 Japanese feet (approx. 55cm). In China there is a vertical flute, dosho/dongxiao. A shakuhachi with 6 holes used in gagaku, Japanese imperial court music in ancient times is thought to have descended from this

https://www.academia.edu/47789732/Patterns_Phrases_and_Groupings_in_Honkyoku_music_for_the_Japanese_Shakuhachi
The solo pieces for the Japanese shakuhachi composed by the monks of the Fuke sect, a Zen Buddhist sect, during Japan's Edo period (1603-1868), have few aspects that are distinctive from most other types of music: they are made of short phrases, some of them with a single tone, separated by obligatory breathing and silences that break the flow of the melody.

https://www.ucis.pitt.edu/ncta/sound-japanese-music-shakuhachi-its-history-and-its-music
The World in a Single Sound - the Shakuhachi, its History, and its Music Thursday, May 21 6:00 - 7:30 p.m. ET (5:00-6:30 CT) Devon Osamu Tipp, PhD Candidate in Music Theory/Composition, University of Pittsburgh Steeped in the aesthetics of Zen Buddhism, traditional shakuhachi repertoire focuses on the discovery of the world that lies within a single note, a single sound.

http://flutejournal.com/the-shakuhachi-by-riley-lee/
The shakuhachi is made of bamboo, a logical choice of material for flute making, as it is already hollow and it was plentiful in Japan. The bamboo used for shakuhachi is called madake - 'true bamboo'). A single madake grove may contain hundreds, or even thousands of other stalks, nearly all of which are as tall as a six storey building.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/41699197
the five-holed shakuhachi commonly used today is still being questioned. Research-ers in shakuhachi studies, both musicologists and historians alike, have not yet reached a definitive conclusion (cf. Tukitani et al. 1994:103-105). One theory says that the origin of the shakuhachi stems from an instrument that

https://harmonies.com/releases/13225.htm
The oldest known ancestor of the shakuhachi is the gagaku (court music) shakuhachi imported to Japan from China or Korea. These somewhat slender instruments, made either from bamboo or from jade, stone, or ivory, are in three sections. They have six finger holes and were apparently used in court ensemble music.

https://docslib.org/doc/9151793/shakuhachi-in-the-united-states-transcending-boundries-and-dichotomies
Shakuhachi Music (2005), is written from a unique perspective that discusses his experiences as a shakuhachi student, teacher, and ethnomusicologist living in Japan. ... It is interesting to try and trace the different modes of how the shakuhachi moves through different parts of culture. According to the theory of global processes, a series of

https://www.japanesewiki.com/culture/Shakuhachi.html
The shakuhachi is a traditional Japanese musical instrument. It is a type of woodwind instrument. It falls under the category of reed instruments, and is classified as an "air reed" instrument. It originated in China during the Tang Dynasty, and was transmitted to Japan during that period; however, it subsequently fell out of use for a certain

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/351242240_Patterns_Phrases_and_Groupings_in_Honkyoku_music_for_the_Japanese_Shakuhachi
Japanese music is based on predefined patterns that are rearranged to create new melodies. Few. authors have tackled the issue of patterns in honkyoku music for the shakuhachi (in particular, W

https://corneliusboots.com/topics/music-theory/
"Theory follows practice." Meaning that people were playing music long before there were any systems of symbols or language with which to communicate and preserve musical ideas and compositions. An ongoing study of the primary system of music notation and terminology is essential for any instrumentalist, performer or composer. The basic elements and language of music […]

https://pdfcoffee.com/alwes-chester-lee-a-history-of-western-choral-music-volume-1-oxford-university-press-2015-pdf-free.html
The Cambridge history of western music theory.pdf. ... and Verdi • Ein Deutsches Requiem xiii 1 25 60 93 127 157 194 222 245 280 317 334 370 vii viii 14. Contents Sacred Choral Music from Mozart to Liszt • German Protestant Composers • Nineteenth-Century Catholic ... (mode 1 or 8 A History of Western Choral Music mode 2) required