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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clergy_of_ancient_Egypt
In Egyptian thought, the gods shape the Earth and establish a harmonious order ( Maat) that allows the miracle of life to unfold day after day. It's up to Pharaoh alone, a descendant of the gods, to ensure the continuity of this harmony and to combat the forces of Evil that continually seek to break it. Pharaoh is the only intermediary between

https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1026/clergy-priests--priestesses-in-ancient-egypt/
The priesthood was already established in the Early Dynastic Period in Egypt (c. 3150-2613 BCE) but developed in the Old Kingdom (c. 2613-2181 BCE) at the same time as the great mortuary complexes like Giza and Saqqara were being constructed. Throughout Egypt's history, the priesthood would serve a vital role in maintaining religious belief and

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_temple
Reconstruction of the Old Kingdom pyramid temple of ... The elevated, enclosed sanctuary was equated with the sacred hill where the world was created in Egyptian myth and with the burial chamber of a tomb, where ... Egyptian priests distinguished themselves from other inhabitants by means of income and privileges attached to priestly offices

https://www.ancient-origins.net/history/sem-priests-ancient-egypt-their-role-and-impact-funerary-contexts-part-0010007
This animal was most closely identified with sem priests and burial rituals. ... (c. 3150-2613 BCE) but developed in the Old Kingdom (c. 2613-2181 BCE) at the same time as the great mortuary complexes like Giza and Saqqara were being constructed," explains Joshua Mark. ... Clergy, Priests & Priestesses in Ancient Egypt, Ancient History

https://www.worldhistory.org/Egyptian_Burial/
Burial rites were practiced as early as the Predynastic Period in Egypt (c. 6000 - c. 3150 BCE) and reflect this vision of eternity. The earliest preserved body from a tomb is that of so-called 'Ginger', discovered in Gebelein, Egypt, and dated to 3400 BCE, which contained grave goods for the afterlife. Burial rites changed over time between the Predynastic Period and the Ptolemaic Dynasty

https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/oking/hd_oking.htm
The Old Kingdom (ca. 2649-2130 B.C.) was an incredibly dynamic period of Egyptian history. While the origin of many concepts, practices, and monuments can be traced to earlier periods, it was during the Old Kingdom that they developed into the forms that would characterize and influence the rest of pharaonic history.

https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1022/ancient-egyptian-mortuary-rituals/
In the Old Kingdom the kings were buried in their pyramid tombs, but from the First Intermediate Period of Egypt (2181-2040 BCE) onwards, kings and nobles favored tombs cut into rock face or into the earth. By the time of the New Kingdom (c. 1570-1069 BCE) the tombs and the rituals leading to burial had reached their highest state of development.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Kingdom_of_Egypt
In ancient Egyptian history, the Old Kingdom is the period spanning c. 2700 -2200 BC. It is also known as the "Age of the Pyramids" or the "Age of the Pyramid Builders", as it encompasses the reigns of the great pyramid-builders of the Fourth Dynasty, such as King Sneferu, who perfected the art of pyramid-building, and the kings Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure, who constructed the pyramids at Giza.

https://www.academia.edu/52229096/Funerary_Processions_in_Egypt_from_The_Old_Kingdom_till_The_New_Kingdom
El-Basuony2 and Mahmoud, A. Awad 3 Tourism Guidance Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Suez Canal University ARTICLE INFO Keywords: Funeral; Old Kingdom; New Kingdom; Priest; Procession (JAAUTH) Vol. 16, No. 2, 2019, pp. 1-7 Abstract Representation of the funeral rites on the walls of various tombs of Nobles was a common feature

https://www.ucl.ac.uk/museums-static/digitalegypt/burialcustoms/ok1.html
Burial customs of the Old Kingdom: Third to Sixth Dynasty (about 2686-2181 BC) In the Old Kingdom the number and range of burial goods was significantly reduced; most of the effort was put into the overground structures (mastaba or rock cut tomb).The Old Kingdom saw increasing use of wall-relief within the offering-chapels and corridors of the elite mastaba.

https://australian.museum/learn/cultures/international-collection/ancient-egyptian/funerals-in-ancient-egypt/
Funerary rites. The concluding funerary rites took place in front of the tomb. The mummy was raised upright for the 'Opening of the Mouth' ceremony. This was an elaborate ritual performed by priests so the dead person could use all their senses in the afterlife. The practices involved in this ceremony included purification, anointing and

https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/religion-and-ritual-in-ancient-egypt/death-and-funeral-rites/36CF30264473F52E93D70672B98C5975
Death is one of the most prominent features of Egyptian religion. Graves, whether pyramids, vast fields of rectangular mastabas, or tombs cut into the hillsides of the Nile Valley, remain a prominent part of the landscape. A large section of ancient Egypt's economic base was devoted to preparing for death. Groups of men excavated the tombs

https://resources.saylor.org/wwwresources/archived/site/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/1.3-OLDKINGDOM.pdf
The pyramids and tombs of Egypt's Old Kingdom (Third to Sixth Dynasties, about 2686-2181 BC), with their magnificent reliefs, paintings, statues and stelae, have often been seen as the epitome of the whole of ancient Egypt. Indeed, if the Early Dynastic period was the formative period in which the bases of Egyptian civilization were firmly

https://www.jstor.org/stable/542993
FUNERAL SERVICES OF THE EGYPTIAN OLD KINGDOM JOHN A. WILSON HE Egyptian funeral is fairly well known in the later periods of phara-onic history, and the various proc-esses of mummification and burial serv-ices have been outlined in the literature on the subject.1 It seems worth while, however, to examine the evidence from the Egyptian Old

https://egyptopia.com/en/articles/Egypt/history-of-egypt/Death-Rituals-the-Funeral-Procession-in-Ancient-Egypt.s.29.13387/
The Funeral procession was an element of the death rituals in Ancient Egypt. After 70 days following the death of a person, an elaborate funeral procession headed towards the designated tomb of the deceased. These large processions must have been quite dramatic and would have provided the deceased with a spectacular memorial before burial.

https://www.worldhistory.org/collection/104/funerary-rites-burial-and-the-afterlife-of-the-anc/
Often misconstrued as a culture obsessed with death, the ancient Egyptians viewed death and the afterlife as an intimately connected continuance to life itself. Though funerary processions and burial rites changed over the years - as seen in the Pyramid Texts, Coffin Texts, and finally the Book of the Dead - ancient Egyptians from the Old Kingdom to the Ptolemaic Dynasty attempted to live a

https://www.academia.edu/1943400/B%C3%A1rta_Miroslav_The_Title_Priest_of_Heket_during_the_Egyptian_Old_Kingdom_
This article deals with the priest of Heqet during Egyptian Old Kingdom period. The analysis shows that this was a particular group of officials responsible for funerary ceremonies in the Abusir - Saqqara zone of cemeteries. ... This line of research will enable a more realistic sociological reconstruction of the subordinate élite of the site

https://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs18/2018/11/01/how-ideology-changes-mortuary-practice/
Mummification, in terms of ideology, was done to allow the soul to survive in the afterlife. Shifting techniques and practices could show a change in ideology. Mortuary architecture, which will also be heavily focused on, is very subjective to changing ideology. During the Predynastic, most tombs were merely holes on the grounds, with the

https://resources.saylor.org/wwwresources/archived/site/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/ARTH110-3.2-Tombs.pdf
rked the burial site of many important Egyptians (Figure 1). Mastabas gradually evolved through the early dynas. ic period, with the underground tomb chamber sinking deeper. Figure 0 During the Old Kingdom, these royal mastabas eventually developed into rock-cut step pyramids and then true pyramids, although non-royal use of.

https://archive.org/details/burialcustomsofa00gars
The burial customs of ancient Egypt as illustrated by tombs of the Middle Kingdom; being a report of excavations made in the necropolis of Beni Hassan during 1902-3-4 by Garstang, John, 1876-1956; University of Liverpool. Institute of Archaeology

https://www.livescience.com/ancient-egypt-mummy-voice-reconstructed.html
Egyptian mummy speaks again after 3,000 years. The voice of an ancient Egyptian priest has been heard for the first time in more than 3,000 years, thanks to a detailed reconstruction of his vocal

https://www.worldhistory.org/article/89/herodotus-on-burial-in-egypt/
Herodotus' section of his Histories on burial in ancient Egypt (Book II.85-90) is an accurate description of Egyptian mummification but he purposefully omits the spiritual significance of embalming in keeping with his commitment to refrain from discussing the religious beliefs of other cultures. The spiritual aspect of embalming, however, was central to the practice and is addressed indirectly.

https://www.popsci.com/science/ancient-egypt-scribes/
The scribes in this new study lived during ancient Egypt's Old Kingdom (2700 to 2180 BCE). This is also the time of the pyramid builders and when the king was regarded as a living god.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-63549-z
Havelková, P. & Dulíková, V. What skeletal remains reveal about ancient Egypt's inhabitants. In Kings of the Sun Studies (ed. Bárta, M.) 347-352 (National Museum and Charles University, 2020).

https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/2024-06-27/ty-article/ancient-egyptian-scribes-suffered-unique-bone-damage-study-finds/00000190-58cb-d7e5-a1f3-dddba3010000
The new analysis was based on the bodies of 69 men of known and well-defined status, of whom 30 were scribes and 39 were not. "We identified all the scribes in our collection from written sources found directly in the tombs of the men in question," co-author Veronika Dulíková, an Egyptologist at the Czech Institute of Egyptology at Charles University explains by email.

https://www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology/griefa-cemetery-egypt-0020962
After is discovery in 2023, Reddit readers have just picked up on the depiction of a character resembling Marge Simpson on the inner lid of a 3,500-year-old Egyptian sarcophagus. The coffin, belonging to Tadi Ist, the daughter of a high priest in El-Ashmunein, features a yellow-skinned woman in a long green garment with blue hair shaped in a rectangular style, strikingly similar to the iconic