https://www.simplypsychology.org/fluid-crystallized-intelligence.html
The theory of fluid v. crystallized intelligence simultaneously challenges and extends what was once supposedly the single construct of general intelligence. Cattell's Theory of Intelligence. The theory of fluid v. crystallized intelligence was first postulated as a psychometrically based theory by psychologist Raymond B. Cattell in 1963

https://www.verywellmind.com/fluid-intelligence-vs-crystallized-intelligence-2795004
The theory of fluid vs. crystallized intelligence was first proposed by psychologist Raymond Cattell; he further developed it along with his student John Horn. The theory suggests that intelligence is composed of different abilities that interact and work together to produce overall individual intelligence.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_and_crystallized_intelligence
The concepts of fluid intelligence (g f) and crystallized intelligence (g c) were introduced in 1963 by the psychologist Raymond Cattell. According to Cattell's psychometrically-based theory, general intelligence (g) is subdivided into g f and g c.Fluid intelligence is the ability to solve novel reasoning problems and is correlated with a number of important skills such as comprehension

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5156710/
Raymond B. Cattell is credited with the development of the theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence. The genesis of this theory is, however, vague. Cattell, in different papers, stated that it was developed in 1940, 1941 or 1942. Carroll ( 1984, Multivariate Behavioral Research, 19, 300-306) noted the similarity of Cattell's theory to

https://psynso.com/raymond-cattell-theory-intelligence/
Learn about fluid and crystallized intelligence, factors of general intelligence identified by Raymond Cattell. Find out how they are measured, correlated, and related to other psychological concepts.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/9781118660584.ese0431
First, Carroll's theory includes g (global or general ability) at stratum III and the Cattell-Horn theory does not, as these theorists disagreed over the existence of an overarching intellectual ability. This dispute is an ongoing debate in the field (see Schneider & McGrew, 2012 for a discussion on the existence of g).Second, in the Cattell-Horn model, Gq is comprised of quantitative

https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/abstract/document/obo-9780199828340/obo-9780199828340-0207.xml
The theory was first formulated in terms of fluid and crystallized cognitive abilities by Raymond Cattell in 1943. The theory posits its fundamental assumption, that intelligence (or rather, human cognitive abilities) is not a unitary construct but entails the lifelong coordination of at least two classes of abilities: fluid (Gf), which refers

http://intelltheory.com/intelli/raymond-b-cattell/
The Cattell-Horn theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence (R. B. Cattell, 1941, 1950; 1971; Horn, 1965; Horn & Cattell, 1966a, 1966b) proposes that general intelligence is actually a conglomeration of perhaps 100 abilities working together in various ways in different people to bring out different intelligences. Gf-Gc theory separates

https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-030-22009-9_700
The theory of the two forms of general intelligence emerged in the early 1940s with work by Donald Hebb and Raymond Cattell. Although Hebb first described the idea of two types of intelligence, "intelligence A and B," during his presentation at the 1941 APA conference as well as in a 1942 publication, the two-factor theory of intelligence is often attributed to Cattell and his theory of

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattell%E2%80%93Horn%E2%80%93Carroll_theory
The Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory (commonly abbreviated to CHC ), is a psychological theory on the structure of human cognitive abilities. Based on the work of three psychologists, Raymond B. Cattell, John L. Horn and John B. Carroll, the Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory is regarded as an important theory in the study of human intelligence.

https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1963-07991-001
The theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence propounded 20 years ago by the author has since accumulated support. However, the crucial issue of whether 1 or 2 general factors subtend intellectual performances has lacked an experiment adequately designed for accurate, determinate, simple-structure rotation at the 2nd order. By factoring culturally embedded with culture-fair intelligence

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-24926-6_15
Cattell's Theory of Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence. In 1943, in the context of mass testing for military conscription during World War II, Raymond B. Cattell reviewed the state of adult intelligence testing in the United States and described his surprise at the many problems he saw in the field.

https://psychology.fas.harvard.edu/people/raymond-cattell
Raymond Cattell (Image Credit: Cattell family) Raymond Cattell was an influential psychologist who developed new analytic techniques that allowed for more nuanced empirical measurements of the components of personality and intelligence. Cattell did his doctoral work at University College London, under the supervision of the renowned

https://exploringyourmind.com/cattells-intelligence-model/
Raymond B. Cattell is one of the most well-known authors in the psychology of individual differences. Cattell has studied intelligence in depth. He developed a model based on two central factors: fluid intelligence (Gf) and crystallized intelligence (Gc). Cattell's model differs from Spearman's conception of intelligence as a single unit.

https://www.simplypsychology.org/intelligence.html
Fluid vs. Crystallized Intelligence. Raymond Cattell (1963) first proposed the concepts of fluid and crystallized intelligence and further developed the theory with John Horn. Fluid intelligence is the ability to problem solve in novel situations without referencing prior knowledge, but rather through the use of logic and abstract thinking

https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/7-4-what-are-intelligence-and-creativity
The most comprehensive theory of intelligence to date is the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory of cognitive abilities (Schneider & McGrew, 2018). In this theory, abilities are related and arranged in a hierarchy with general abilities at the top, broad abilities in the middle, and narrow (specific) abilities at the bottom.

https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2016-61128-001
Raymond B. Cattell is credited with the development of the theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence. The genesis of this theory is, however, vague. Cattell, in different papers, stated that it was developed in 1940, 1941 or 1942. Carroll (1984, Multivariate Behavioral Research, 19, 300-306) noted the similarity of Cattell's theory to "Hebb's notion of two types of intelligence

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-90125-1_17
Raymond Cattell distinguished crystallized intelligence, akin to stored knowledge, from fluid intelligence, akin to raw reasoning abilities.Likewise, he delineated personality into component parts. Though intelligence and personality each qualify as subdisciplines within psychology, both are subsumed, along with other traits, under the meta-theory of life history evolution.

https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/human-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00606/full
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. Raymond B. Cattell is credited with the development of the theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence. The genesis of this theory is, however, vague. Cattell, in different papers, stated that it was developed in 1940, 1941 or 1942.

https://www.verywellmind.com/theories-of-intelligence-2795035
Sternberg proposed the concept of "successful intelligence," which involves three factors: Analytical intelligence: The ability to evaluate information and solve problems. Creative intelligence : The ability to come up with new ideas. Practical intelligence: The ability to adapt to a changing environment.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320471503_Catell-Horn-Caroll_theory_of_intelligence
John Carroll's three-stratum theory, both of which. are largely driven by factor analysis of psychometric. 244 Cattell-Horn-Carroll Theory of Intelligence. measures of cognitive ability. This

https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_472
The Catell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory of intelligence represents a combination of two previously proposed theories of cognitive abilities, the theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence (or Gf-Gc theory) associated with Catell and Horn, and John Carroll's three-stratum theory of cognitive abilities [2, 4].Both Gf-Gc theory and Carroll's three-stratum theory are considered to be

https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1967-10447-001
in a complexly designed factor analysis of ability and personality variables cattell found evidence for higher-order factors representing his hypothesized fluid and crystallized abilities. this critique demonstrates that there are methodological weaknesses at every stage of the study from the selection of the variables, through the 1st-order factoring, to the 2nd-order factoring such that one