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Special thanks to Lùthais MacGriogair for his French and Breton samples; robbey43 for his German samples; Joanna Hotova for her Modern Greek samples; Edu Tudela for his Spanish samples; and Sebastian Marcin Siwik for his Polish samples.
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Sources for this video include:
*** The European linguistic area: Standard Average European (2001). Martin Haspelmath. www.academia.edu/14733499/The_European_linguistic_…
“Irregularities in Modern English” by Hans Fried Nielsen. 162-164.
“Adverbial Constructions in the Languages of Europe” edited by Johan van der Auwera.
The following images are used under Creative Commons Sharealike license:
Languages of Europe commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Languages_of_Europ…. Author: Andre nacu at English Wikipedia.
German definite article declension: commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:German_definite_ar…. Author: Fauban.
Invasions of the Roman Empire 1. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Invasions_of_the_R…. Author: Mapmaster.
Music:
Intro: "Awaken" by Anno Domini Beats.
Outro: "Not Too Cray" by Huma-Huma.
Views : 343,283
Genre: Education
Date of upload: Dec 14, 2019 ^^
Rating : 4.95 (198/15,537 LTDR)
RYD date created : 2022-04-09T12:57:06.034711Z
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YouTube Comments - 2,465 Comments
Top Comments of this video!! :3
4:49 Das g wurde estohlen.
1.5K |
As a German with English as a second languages, these differences really were very noticable when getting into Japanese. They make up a large part of what makes it feel so alien at first:
1. Articles don't exist, although there are article-like expressions that can indicate the definiteness. The anime title "A Certain Scientific Railgun" makes a good example, with "a certain" ("to aru") being one such term.
2. "The man who drives the car" is phrased as "The car-driving man". Verbs can simply be put in front of a noun to act as an adjective, no pronouns necessary.
3. There isn't really a past perfect, you just use the past.
4. Linking verbs are much rarer. Past passive is formed by just piling on endings on a verb. "Was stolen" is formed from ubau (to steal) -> ubawareru (is stolen) -> ubawareta (was stolen).
5. It matches up fairly well with English here, not with German/SAE("mother child's hair washes").
6. Verbs are negated, nouns aren't. Rather than "nobody came", it's more like "whoever camen't". Most words for "every" automatically mean "none" if combined with a negative verb.
7. Comparisons use particles that can't be translated direclty into either English or German. For similarity it uses "hodo": "I hodo big" -> "as big as me". For disparities "yori": "I yori big" -> "bigger than me".
8. Japanese doesn't just drop pronouns, it drops entire nouns. And objects. Rather than say "I love you", it's more like "like" or "do love". You can include the object there (typically the other person's name), but the "I" is almost always omitted and would even sound weird.
9. Japanese has multiple words for "self" that can generally fit both roles. It barely has pronouns to begin with, but rather uses ordinary nouns for that role.
And rather than Subject-Verb-Object, Japanese uses Subject-Object-Verb.
This made for a good example to me that this definition of SAE seems to hold up well when compared with a totally different language, since didn't match on even a single point and highlights huge structural differences.
53 |
lol 11:00
"and in german!" [silence]
252 |
1:54
Norwegian, Swedish, Icelandic: You've been kicked out of the group!
Danish: What!? For who?
Czech: Ahoj
722 |
I have finals, but I think I can fit in some learning on something that I want to rather than I have to
550 |
in my region there is a Volga-Kama sprachbund which combines languages of Uralic and Turkic families such as tatar, bashkir, chuvash (turkic), udmurt, mari, moksha, komi (uralic)
174 |
One nice issue of this channel is that it brings together many people from different countries to discuss and enjoy our history and languages. A place that gathers of all nations. I hope I can be understerstood. Peace for all nations!
237 |
In Spanish class, I always wondered why English and Spanish use "have done" and "ha hecho" even though Old English and Latin didn't do this.
474 |
I would love to learn see a video about the effects of native American languages on American English.
1.5K |
🇭🇺 Aw, this was heartwarming to watch 🥰 As a Hungarian I’m used to seeing my native language notoriously marked as the black sheep among all the Indoeuropean languages around that is different in so many ways. For once we can feel part of the club and realize that we DO share a lot with surrounding languages 😉
127 |
6:33
Fun fact: In ancient Greek, there were negative pronouns with lack of verbal negation, however in modern Greek it has changed.
For example the ancient Greek phrase
"ἀγεωμέτρητος μηδεὶς εἰσίτω"
It translates to Nobody uneducated in geometry should enter.
(ἀγεωμέτρητος = uneducated in geometry
μηδεὶς = nobody
εἰσίτω = enter)
In modern Greek it would have been
"Κανένας αγεωμετρητος ας μην εισέλθει"
Κανένας = no one
Ας = should
Μην =not
Εισέλθει = enter
I just found it interesting how this language evolved like this.
In any case, great video, keep them coming.
76 |
I'm impressed that you found a seemingly young Frenchman who's fluent in Breton. As a French guy myself, I can tell you that very few people can speak their region's historical vernacular language.
Funny thing too is that he has a very exotic-looking name, that I think I'd be more expected to find in a Celtic area of the UK than in France, since first names from regional languages are typically shunned here.
282 |
Hi everyone. I hope you like the new video! There are a couple of glitches. At 4:55 the "g" on "gestohlen" somehow got deleted, so it says "estohlen" instead of "gestohlen". And at 11:00 the audio clip for "Ich liebe Sprachen" is missing. Also, for "Yo quiero" I said "I want you" but I wrote "I need you" on the screen. The screen should also say "I want you".
The major source for this video was "The European linguistic area: Standard Average European" by Martin Haspelmath. You can read the original article at this link (with no login if you read it online): www.researchgate.net/publication/247869081_The_Eur….
I normally use a lot of different sources and piece things together, but this time I used mainly this source, so I want to make sure it's recognized.
729 |
1:57 "Latvian, Lithuanian, Russian, Ukrainian, Polish, Hungarian, Bulgarian, Slovenian, Serbian, and Croatian..." begins to sound like a song!
23 |
2:40
Paul: All the Romance languages have both definite and indefinite articles
Latin: but ...
Just for a laugh 😂
173 |
Small error: Dutch should be included in 9. the intensifier reflexive differentiation.
1. De voorzitter gaf * zelf* een voordracht.
2. Hij houdt van *zichzelf*.
299 |
11:01 accidentally left out the German clip
148 |
As to point 3. Latvian has three simple tenses (present, past and future), and three compound perfect constructions: present perfect, past perfect, future perfect. We have quite huge russian speaker community here in Latvia and over last decades (after collapse of the Soviet Union) they started to speak latvian quite well. Sometimes only lack of perfect forms in russian allows to detect that speaker's mother tongue is actually russian. One simple example. Russians say in latvian - Es redzēju to filmu (I saw that film), while latvians ALWAYS say - Es esmu redzējis to filmu (I have seen that film).
6 |
Wow, this will make learning languages in or out of the Sprachbund even more fun! And becoming more aware of similarities and differences always makes learning easier! You present very clearly important concepts that many of us will now benefit from by being more than just vaguely aware of: Which languages, in effect, have have and how long have they had it? Which languages acknowledge that even the President himself may talk to himself? Etc. I will be re-watching this one! In increasing order of this fan's fluency: Merci beaucoup. Muchas gracias. Vielen Dank. Thanks so much!
22 |
@georgios_5342
4 years ago
I just realized how massive of an effect this has had on Greek. Most of these didn't exist in ancient Greek, and have always seemed to me as "appearing out of the blue".
1K |