@johnchoo9145

5 months ago

1.) Reinforcement vs. Punishment • Things that are reinforced → we do more of • Things that are punished → we do less of ◦ Don't turn studying into punishment • The moment (your studying effectiveness) slides, take a break • Break = something you enjoy (5 - 15min of petting your cat/dog) • When you are done studying for the day, do something nice for yourself ◦ ex. drinking beer at a pub • "Studying is a training. And if you train yourself, it becomes relatively easier" --------- 2.) Environmental Cues • We are controlled by environmental cues ◦ ex 1. studying in a bedroom → bed calls you ◦ ex 2. studying on a dining table → food calls you • Reconfigure & engineer your environment to minimize unproductive cues • Reconfigure & engineer your environment to optimize productive cues ◦ ex 1. when your "study lamp" is on → study ◦ ex 2. when your "study lamp" is off → don't study --------- 3.) Learning Experience Optimization • True learning experience changes your behavior ◦ Question: conversely, can your behavior change your learning experience? • The more active you are in learning, the more effective ◦ What is "active in learning"? → recitation (ex. talking to yourself) --------- 4.) Rote Memorization • Rote Memorization = memorization through repetition ◦ most of us are bad at it ◦ not very effective --------- 5.) Fact vs. Concept • Q: So how can we be effective? • A: Decide what you are learning ◦ am I learning a "fact"? ◦ am I learning a "concept"? • "Sigmund Freud is the father of psychoanalysis" ◦ fact = Sigmund Freud is the father of psychoanalysis ◦ concept = psychoanalysis • Futility of knowing facts ◦ "Yeah, so what?" → question raised to understand conceptually ◦ "What does it do?" → question raised to understand conceptually ◦ "How does it function?"" → question raised to understand conceptually • "Can you put the concept in your own words? If you can't, you don't understand it." • To understand something both factually & conceptually, make it meaningful to you ◦ "To make it meaningful is a struggle. Otherwise, it's a waste of time". --------- 6.) Make It Meaningful • When you remember a piece of information, don't simply remember it. • Remember its application & relative value (thus establishing meaning) • ex. Remember 30 words (ex. water bottle) while: ◦ group 1: counting the vowels of the 30 words ◦ group 2: counting the application of the 30 words in a deserted island & their relative value from 1-5 scale • Group 2 remembered 100% more words --------- 7.) Recognition vs. Recollection • "If you look at it, go to the next one, read it, and then stop and go back to the one before, look up in the sky and in your own words, say what that was about" - drives recollection --------- 8.) Sleep • "If you are not getting a good night, typically around 8 hours, you are not getting enough 'rem'; what you've studied doesn't become permanent" • REM = Rapid Eye Movement. It's a brain activity that consolidates & stores information. It occurs when you sleep. •"There's no money to be made by telling people to get more sleep. So you don't hear about it on TV." ◦ ex. "Sleep is our biggest competitor" - Netflix CEO --------- 9.) Note Taking • "The first moment you get after a class, ideally right after the class... sit down with your notes and expand on everything you jotted down. Give it depth. Flesh it out." • 5 min investment of expounding & summarizing your notes can ensure permanent recall of a given information --------- 10.) Recitation • How to reinforce your learning (recitation): 1. Ask other people 2. Teach other people 3. Talk out loud • Other examples of recitation 1. Write it out 2. Monologue it out • Study optimization: ◦ 80% = spend on reciting ◦ 20% = spend on reading --------- 11.) SQ3R • SQ3R ◦ Survey ◦ Question ◦ Read ◦ Recite ◦ Review • "If you intend to find something, you find it" ◦ Thus, survey a textbook (don't read) while questioning --------- 12.) Mnemonics • Mnemonics: any system that facilitates recalls • Examples of mnemonics: 1. Acronyms 2. Coined Sayings 3. Interactive images (the more absurd, the better) 4. Note-taking

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