Progressing through the Copper and Bronze Age, stone continued to play an important part as a tool material.
Different crafting techniques could turn blades and flakes into knives, arrowheads, graters and scrapers and haft them into wooden and antler handles or shafts.
Bone and antler fragments were also used to manufacture a wide range of objects that had to be both robust and flexible. They were used to make various woodworking tools such as chisels, hoes and axes as well as awls, needles and other implements for working with leather and textiles. Because of its elasticity, antler is a material suitable for making axe sleeves.
Stone axes could be made out of flint, keratophyre, serpentinite, chert, tuff, tuffitic sandstone and jadeite.
The mobility of people 6000 years ago already extended over hundreds of kilometers. Materials and tools were traded through networks that stretched across Europe.
Flint â the 'steel of the Stone Age'âwas a much sought-after raw material. It was used to make arrowheads, drills and knives and, in the 3rd millennium BC, first proper daggers.
Microfossils embedded in the flint today allow for a precise localization of its provenance. Besides local flint sources, high-quality imported flint from far-off deposits was also used. The individual regions sourced their materials from various areas, which in turn changed over the course of time. This provides information for research into the systems of sourcing raw materials.
Retouched notched stone arrowheads and daggers began to spread from Liguria to across the Alps and the wider Danube region. Such dagger, with preserved wooden haft, was found with the Ătzi ice mummy in the alps.
Sources:
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