The ongoing tensions between Iran and Israel, particularly regarding their involvement in the broader Middle Eastern conflicts, have drawn support from various global actors, each with their own interests and political motivations. Here's a breakdown of who supports *Iran* and *Israel* in the context of these tensions:

*Support for Iran:*

1. *Shia Militant Groups and Allies:*
*Hezbollah (Lebanon):* The Lebanese militant group Hezbollah, which is Shia, is one of Iran's closest allies. Hezbollah receives military and financial support from Iran and has often been involved in opposing Israel in the context of the Israel-Lebanon conflict.
*Hamas (Gaza):* Although Hamas is a Sunni group, it has received support from Iran due to their shared opposition to Israel, despite theological differences.
*Iraqi Shia Militias:* Iran has significant influence over various Shia militias in Iraq, some of which are hostile to Israel and support Iran’s stance in regional conflicts.

2. *Syria (Assad Regime):*
*Syria:* Under President Bashar al-Assad, Syria has been a close ally of Iran, largely due to shared interests in opposing Israel and the U.S. The Iranian government has supported Assad in the Syrian Civil War, and both Iran and Syria are involved in efforts to challenge Israeli influence in the region.

3. *Russia (Indirect Support):*
*Russia:* While not a direct ally of Iran in the sense of supporting its stance on Israel, Russia's relationship with Iran is rooted in strategic interests. Russia and Iran cooperate in Syria and in opposing U.S. and Israeli influence in the region. However, Russia maintains a delicate balance between supporting Iran and its own strategic relationship with Israel.

4. *Some Muslim-majority countries (particularly Shia-majority):*
*Lebanon (Hezbollah) and Yemen (Houthi rebels):* Iran has also been accused of supporting the Houthi rebels in Yemen, who are fighting against a Saudi-backed government, with occasional rhetoric against Israel.

5. *China (Indirect Support):*
*China:* While China’s involvement in the Israel-Iran conflict is less direct, its relationship with Iran is strategic, especially in economic terms. China has continued trade relations with Iran, particularly in energy, and is often opposed to sanctions imposed by the West, including those targeting Iran.

*Support for Israel:*

1. *United States:*
*U.S. Support:* The United States has long been one of Israel’s most staunch allies. This support includes military aid, intelligence sharing, and political backing in international forums like the United Nations. The U.S. sees Israel as a key ally in the Middle East, aligned with its interests in countering Iran and maintaining stability in the region.

2. *European Union (Selective Support):*
*Some European Countries:* Several EU member states, particularly the UK, France, and Germany, have historically supported Israel, albeit with varying levels of enthusiasm. While the EU as a whole often calls for a two-state solution and criticizes certain Israeli policies, individual countries may maintain strong diplomatic and economic ties with Israel.
*Germany:* Germany, in particular, has a special relationship with Israel due to historical reasons related to the Holocaust, and it provides Israel with significant military support.

3. *Arab States (Shifting Alliances):*
*Saudi Arabia and UAE (Recent Shifts):* In recent years, Israel has seen an unexpected shift in relations with some Arab countries. Saudi Arabia and the UAE, while traditionally opposed to Israel due to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, have subtly aligned with Israel in their shared opposition to Iran. The **Abraham Accords**, signed in 2020, led to normalization of relations between Israel and several Arab states, including the UAE, Bahrain, and Morocco.
*Egypt and Jordan:* Both Egypt and Jordan have peace treaties with Israel, though their relations are often seen as pragmatic rather than ideological.

4. *India:*
*India:* India maintains strong relations with Israel, particularly in the areas of defense, technology, and intelligence. While India has historical ties with Palestine and often advocates for the rights of Palestinians, it also views Israel as an important strategic partner in the region.

5. *Other Western Allies:*
*Australia, Canada:* Both countries have been steadfast allies of Israel, providing diplomatic and sometimes military support. Australia and Canada, like the U.S., often support Israel in international forums and have strong bilateral relations.