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The Celts were masters of metallurgy and iron production. The craftsmen were capable of accurately decorating metal objects like swords, with typical motifs and enchased or repousse work.

In the last centuries BC, Celts employed different types of wrought steel and iron and even made first attempts in surface carburizing, quenching and forge welding.

Some Roman authors note how Celtic swords would often bend and would have to be straightened mid-combat. But archeological finds reveal high-quality blades that maintained their stiffness, without being too heavy. Celtic smiths achieved this through additional folding of metal, blending and re-hammering, using pattern welding techniques.

Their blacksmiths also improved metallurgy and brought new tools like scythes, iron saws, varying hammers, tongs, scissors, chisels and augers. These tools were perfected by the Celts to the point they retained their basic design all the way to the modern era.


Sources: docs.google.com/document/d/1mnK9tpEvz9UgeVWuUh8fPF…

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Edited with Vegas Pro Edit 19

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