What is NATO's Article 4?

🧭 NATO’s Article 4 and 5 have been in the news recently. What are they?

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What is NATO’s (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) Article 4?

Article 4 differs from NATO’s mutual defense clause, Article 5. Article 4 is triggered when a member state believes their “territorial integrity, political independence or security” is threatened. Invocation begins consultation between the member country and NATO, and could lead to joint decisions or action by the alliance. It has been triggered seven times since NATO’s formation in 1949.

Article 4 was last trigged in March 2022, by Eastern European and Baltic members of NATO following the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Other Article 4 consultations in recent years have revolved around Turkey’s conflict w