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The evolution of Early Iron Age warriors can be seen through helmets. The earliest were conical helmets, which were characteristic for warriors of Crete and eastern Mediterranean, but their design came all the way up the Adriatic and into the heart of Europe.

They were followed by the Bowl-shaped helmets. These were most prominent in the area of south-eastern alps and continued to dominate some communities for next centuries. The bowl-shaped helmets were made out of interwoven twigs and leather, which was reinforced with round plates made of bronze (phalerae) and with studs. In the early 5th century BC, double crested helmets came to prominence, often decorated with plumage, probably made of horsehair, and extended with decorative ribbon to reach the middle of a warrior’s back.

The Negau type helmets conclude the progression of Hallstatt helmets. These were first heavily used by the Etruscans, though many were also found in the Alpine area, indicating trade contacts with the region.


Sources: docs.google.com/document/d/1mnK9tpEvz9UgeVWuUh8fPF…

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Edited with Vegas Pro Edit 19

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