Dr. Kymora Scotland
2 videos • 58 views • by Live UTI Free In this series, Dr. Kymora Scotland MD, PhD discusses kidney stones. The first video explains that a kidney stone is a collection of minerals and crystals, formed over time, from the urine. There are five main types: Calcium-based—the most common—calcium oxide and calcium phosphate, uric acid, cystine, struvite and a mix of others that are rare. About 12% of people globally develop kidney stones and dehydration is the most common cause though medicines and diet can also contribute. Bladder stones are similar in make-up to kidney stones. They form when there is an obstruction preventing the bladder from adequately draining. They can become infected due to bacteria build up. That infection can cause a UTI. Passing a kidney stone is extremely painful and can cause nausea, vomiting, chills and fever. Anyone experiencing these should immediately visit their ER to avoid life-threatening sepsis. In some cases, the sensation of passing a kidney stone can be mistaken for UTI symptoms. So, recurrent UTI sufferers should have a CAT scan to rule out kidney stones. The second video explores treatment and associated bacteria of kidney stones. In terms of assessing whether a kidney stone can be passed naturally or requires intervention, the patient’s pain is the main consideration. If a patient can function normally until the stone passes, no intervention is required. There are medications to relax the ureter which can be used to aid this process. Failing this, a small-medium stone can be broken up via a non-surgical treatment called Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL). This procedure typically has a 70% success rate. If SWL isn’t applicable or has been ineffective, ureteroscopy can be used. This involves a small telescope, called a ureteroscope, being inserted into the urethra to the ureter or kidney, where the stone is located. Typically, the stone is then broken up using a fiber laser. This procedure has a 92% success rate. For those who have very large stones, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is used. This involves making a small incision then tunneling into the kidney to break up the stone and suction it out. In any of these cases, a stent may be used to drain urine from the kidney to assist with healing. The situation of a stent can sometimes cause minor pain, blood in the urine or bruising or it could cause irritation in the bladder which causes UTI-like symptoms. If someone is suffering from recurrent UTIs caused by proteus, klebsiella or pseudomonas, they might consider getting checked for kidney stones as these are the bacteria most commonly associated with stones. If this information was helpful, you may wish to contribute to future expert interviews and other crucial projects here: https://liveutifree.com/contribute To become more actively involved, why not become an official Live UTI Free member? https://liveutifree.com/become-a-member Check out the playlist for the entire interview: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... Learn more about Probiotics, Kidney Stones & Immune System from Dr. Thomas-White here: https://youtu.be/rwE1gCJKwxo Learn about UTI and Diet: Recovery Diet and Supplements from Beverley Sarstedt here: https://youtu.be/iOG92z2LMxs Read about UTI Science from Dr. Thomas-White here: https://liveutifree.com/dr-thomas-white/ About Dr. Kymora Scotland: Dr. Scotland is an Assistant Professor and Chief of Endourology Research at UCLA. She earned her medical degree from Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University and her doctorate at the Tri-Institutional Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering MD-PhD Program. She then completed her urology residency at Thomas Jefferson University and an endourology fellowship at the University of British Columbia. Dr. Scotland has a particular interest in genitourinary infection with several publications in this area. She has recently edited the book “The Role of Bacteria in Urology” (2nd Ed., 2019) and is the Vice-President of the Society for Infection and Inflammation in Urology. About Live UTI Free Live UTI Free is a patient advocacy and research organization. We do not endorse specific treatment approaches, clinicians or diagnostics methods. The content of this video does not provide medical advice. It is intended for informational purposes only. The medical and/or nutritional information is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen. https://liveutifree.com/ Post-production: Melissa Wairimu https://www.instagram.com/kreativlee_/