𝐇𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐲 & 𝐄𝐯𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 Full chapter in 15 minutes | C𝐥𝐚𝐬𝐬 𝟏𝟎 𝐁𝐢𝐨𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐲 chapter 8 | | NCERT Science | Heredity one shot in animation
4 videos • 1,291 views • by Grade booster 𝐇𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐲 & 𝐄𝐯𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 Full chapter in 15 minutes | C𝐥𝐚𝐬𝐬 𝟏𝟎 𝐁𝐢𝐨𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐲 chapter 8 | | NCERT Science | Heredity one shot in animation Definition: Heredity is the transmission of traits or characteristics from parents to offspring through the passing of genetic information (DNA). Units of Heredity: Genes are the units of heredity, located on chromosomes, and determine specific traits. Genetics: Gregor Mendel: Known as the father of genetics, Mendel's experiments with pea plants laid the foundation for understanding the principles of inheritance. Mendel's Laws: Mendel formulated the laws of segregation and independent assortment, explaining how traits are inherited. Chromosomes and DNA: Chromosomes: Inherited traits are carried on chromosomes, thread-like structures in the cell nucleus. DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material, containing instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms. Sex Determination: Sex Chromosomes: In humans, sex is determined by the presence of X and Y chromosomes. Females have two X chromosomes (XX), and males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). Evolution: Definition: Evolution is the process of gradual change in living organisms over generations, leading to the development of new species from pre-existing ones. Charles Darwin: Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection proposed that species evolve over time through the differential survival and reproduction of organisms with advantageous traits. Evidence of Evolution: Fossils: Fossil records provide evidence of organisms that lived in the past, showing changes over time. Homologous Structures: Similar structures in different organisms with a common ancestor. Analogous Structures: Structures with similar functions but different evolutionary origins. Vestigial Organs: Organs with reduced or no function in an organism, suggesting evolutionary remnants. Adaptation: Definition: Adaptations are characteristics or traits that help organisms survive and reproduce in their environments. Natural Selection: The process by which nature selects traits that confer advantages in a particular environment, leading to the survival and reproduction of individuals with those traits. Speciation: Definition: Speciation is the process by which new species arise from existing ones. Isolation Mechanisms: Geographic and reproductive barriers that prevent gene flow between populations, leading to the formation of distinct species. Human Evolution: Homo sapiens: Modern humans belong to the species Homo sapiens, and their evolution can be traced back to common ancestors with other primates. Selective Breeding: Definition: Selective breeding involves choosing specific organisms with desirable traits for reproduction to pass those traits to the next generation. Domestication: Humans have selectively bred plants and animals for various purposes, leading to the development of domesticated varieties. These points provide a basic overview of the key concepts related to heredity and evolution often covered in Class 10 Biology.