POINSETTIA, CHRISTMAS PLAN (Ind. KASTUBA)
6 videos • 3 views • by World Plant id INTERNATIONAL (int.) : POINSETTIA, CHRISTMAS PLANT INDONESIAN (idn.) : POINSETTIA, KASTUBA BOTANICAL NAME (scn.) : EUPHORBIA PULCHERRIMA Scientific classification : Kingdom : Plantae Clade : Tracheophytes Clade : Angiosperms Clade : Eudicots Clade : Rosids Order : Malpighiales Family : Euphorbiaceae Genus : Euphorbia Species : E. Pulcherrima Eng. The poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) is a commercially important flowering plant species of the diverse spurge family Euphorbiaceae. Indigenous to Mexico and Central America, the poinsettia was first described by Europeans in 1834. It is particularly well known for its red and green foliage and is widely used in Christmas floral displays. It derives its common English name from Joel Roberts Poinsett, the first United States minister to Mexico, who is credited with introducing the plant to the US in the 1820s. Poinsettias are shrubs or small trees, with heights of 0.6 to 4 m (2.0 to 13.1 ft). Though often stated to be highly toxic, the poinsettia is not dangerous to pets or children. Exposure to the plant, even consumption, most often results in no effect, though it can cause nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Wild poinsettias occur from Mexico to southern Guatemala, growing on mid-elevation, Pacific-facing slopes. One population in the Mexican state of Guerrero is much further inland, however, and is thought to be the ancestor of most cultivated populations. Wild poinsettia populations are highly fragmented, as their habitat is experiencing largely unregulated deforestation. They were cultivated by the Aztecs for use in traditional medicine. They became associated with the Christmas holiday and are popular seasonal decorations. Every year in the United States, approximately 70 million poinsettias of many cultivated varieties are sold in a six-week period. Many of these poinsettias are grown by Paul Ecke Ranch, which serves half the worldwide market and 70 percent of the US market. Ind. Kastuba atau poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) adalah tanaman subtropis yang berasal dari Meksiko bagian selatan dan Amerika Tengah. Nama 'poinsettia' diambil dari nama duta besar pertama Amerika Serikat (AS) untuk Meksiko, Joel Roberts Poinsett, yang memperkenalkan tanaman hias ini ke AS pada tahun 1825. Daun bagian atas yang berwarna merah sesuai dengan warna-warni hiasan Natal, meskipun terdapat pula forma yang daun bagian atasnya berwarna putih dan hijau muda. Di kawasan empat-musim, kastuba digunakan sebagai tanaman hias pengganti bunga yang sulit didapat di musim dingin. Dalam folklor Amerika Selatan, kastuba merupakan tokoh utama dalam mitos penciptaan yang dipercaya Suku Maya sebagai makhluk perkasa dari dunia lain. Dalam bahasa Náhuatl, tanaman ini disebut cuitlaxochitl (bunga kotoran), karena benihnya tumbuh di atas kotoran burung yang makan biji kastuba. Dalam bahasa Spanyol, tanaman ini disebut disebut flor de pascua (bunga Paskah), flor de nochebuena (bunga malam Natal), atau arbolito de navidad (tumbuhan Natal).